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4542973
Type 1 Diabetes
Description
Mind map on Diabetes
No tags specified
diaebetes
nursingintervention
type1
Mind Map by
mpuusaari
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
mpuusaari
over 8 years ago
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Resource summary
Type 1 Diabetes
Etiology
Basal Cells in pancreas destroyed
Annotations:
Destroyed by bodies T-Cells
Don't produce insulin
Can't get Glicose into cells
Glucose metabolized from other sources
Causes
Genetic Predisposition
Occurs in people under 40
Exposure to Virus
Insulin
Promotes Glucose transport from bloodstream to cell
Normal Leve: 4-6mmol/L
High Insulin >6 mmol/L
after meal
Stimulates Storage of glucose as glycogen
Storage
Don't heat/freeze
May be left @ room temp for 30 days
Extra insulin in the fridge
Avoid exposure to sunlight
Administraion
Not taken Orally
SubQ Injection
Fastest Absorption
Abdomen
arm
Thigh
Buttock
Rotate injection sites
Don't inject site to be exercises
Signs/Symptoms
Polyuria
Polydipsia
Polyphagia
Weight Loss
Weakness
Fatigue
Diagnosis
AIC
Tell's you about glucose over 120 days
>6.5%
Fasting Plasma Glucose
>7 mmol/L
Random/Casual Plasma Glucose
>11 mmol/L
2 Hour OGTT leve
Drink sugary orange drink to test pancreas
>11.1 mmol/L
Drug Therapy
Exogenous Insulin
From outside source
Rapid Acting (Bolus)
Injected 0-15mins before meal
Onset of Action: 15 mins
Lispro/Aspart/Glulisine
Short-Acting (Bolus)
Injected 30-45mins before meal
Onset of Action: 30-60mins
"Regular Insulin"
Humulin-R
Long-Acting (Basal)
Injected Once daily (am or pm)
No peak action (steady release)
Can't be mixed with any other insulin
Lantua/Levemir
Nutritional Therapy
Meal Plan
Insulin managed day to day
Using Rapid acting insulin
Make adjustments in dose before meals based on blood glucose
Carbs
45-60%
Less than 10% from sucrose
Fats
<35%
Protiens
15-20%
Glycemic Index
Low GI
Wheat
All Bran
Pasta/Noodle
Sweet Potatoe
Medium GI
Whole Wheat
Grapefruit
Oatmeal
Brown Rice
HIgh GI
White bread
Corn Flakes
Short Grain Rice
French Fries
Soda Crackers
Exercise Therapy
Increases Insulin receptor sites
Increases insulin sensitivity
Lowers blood glucose
Contributes to weight loss
Best done after meals
Small carb snack every 30 mins
Monitor blood glucose before,during and after
Complications
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Deficiency of insulin
Fats metabolized
Signs
Polyuria
Polydispia
Dehydration
Kussmauls respirations
Hyperglycemia
Causes
Food, activity, rest not balanced
Sick
Under Stress
Signs
frequent urination
Thirst
Fatigue
Treatment
Exercise is ketones not in urine
Cut down on type of food eating
Consult dietion
Hypoglycemia
Causes
More activity than usual
Not eating on time
Too much medication
Alcohol
Signs
Shaking
Confusion
Sweaty
Tachycardia
Weak/drowsy
Treatment
15g Glucose
6 Lifesavers
Wait 15 mins
Treat again is BS still low
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