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African Beginnings

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History (Africa) Mind Map on African Beginnings, created by veavaeuo on 29/12/2013.
veavaeuo
Mind Map by veavaeuo, updated more than 1 year ago
veavaeuo
Created by veavaeuo almost 11 years ago
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Resource summary

African Beginnings
  1. Changing Survival Skills
    1. Hunting and Gathering
      1. Stone tools
        1. Farming and herding
          1. Domestication
            1. Settlements
              1. Surplus
        2. Civilizations
          1. Nile River
            1. Egypt
              1. Farming on banks of Nile
                1. Scattered villages
                  1. Ancient Egypt
                2. Pharoahs
                3. Nubia
                  1. Fishing communities
                    1. Conquered Egypt
                      1. Conquered by Aksum
                    2. East Africa
                      1. Trading Civilizations
                        1. Aksum
                          1. African and Arab traders=ancestors
                            1. Controlled trade routes
                              1. Christianity
                                1. Arab took control of trade = decline
                                  1. Kilwa
                                    1. Stone and coral homes "beautiful"
                                      1. Taxes and trade
                                        1. Taxed traders for goods
                                        2. Conquered by Portugal
                                        3. Great Zimbabwe
                                          1. Limpopo River in Southern Africa
                                            1. Trade network
                                        4. Near coast
                                          1. Access to Arabic, Indian, and East Asian markets and trade routes
                                            1. Islam
                                              1. Swahili
                                          2. North Africa
                                            1. Carthage
                                              1. Traded textiles, metals, slaves, and food
                                                1. Controlled Mediterranean trade
                                                  1. Fell to Roman Empire
                                                  2. Christianity under Roman Empire
                                                    1. Arabs brought Islam
                                                    2. West Africa
                                                      1. Trade salt and gold with North Africa
                                                        1. Ghana
                                                          1. "land of gold"
                                                            1. Rich from taxes on salt, gold, goods
                                                              1. Controlled trade
                                                                1. Mali
                                                                  1. Controlled gold mines of south, salt supplies of north
                                                                    1. Mansa Musa
                                                                      1. Brought peace
                                                                        1. Spread Islam
                                                                        2. Songhai
                                                                          1. Important trade routes
                                                                            1. Wealthy cities
                                                                              1. Tombouctou
                                                                                1. Great Muslim learning center
                                                                        3. Forest kingdoms
                                                                          1. Benin
                                                                            1. Ivory, palm oil, and pepper
                                                                              1. Carvings
                                                                      2. Bantu Migration
                                                                        1. Spread to Central and Southern Africa
                                                                          1. Causes
                                                                            1. Overpopulation
                                                                              1. Ability to farm different crops
                                                                              2. Spread language
                                                                                1. Most ethnic groups in Central and Southern Africa speak Bantu
                                                                                  1. 200 mil. people speak Bantu

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