Economy under Alexander III and Nicholas II (including Witte):

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Mind Map on Economy under Alexander III and Nicholas II (including Witte):, created by lucymartin017 on 14/04/2013.
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Mind Map by lucymartin017, updated more than 1 year ago
lucymartin017
Created by lucymartin017 over 11 years ago
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Resource summary

Economy under Alexander III and Nicholas II (including Witte):
  1. WITTE (1892-1903)
    1. Economic development was directed and sponsored by government
      1. Currently a subsidence agriculture
        1. Russia taxed the already over taxed peasants
          1. Trans-Siberian railway was built - 7000km
            1. Received loans from abroad - Belgium, France and Britain
              1. A debt of 8 billion - LARGEST IN EUROPE
                1. St Petersburg doubled in growth
                  1. Coal, iron and oil production rose
                    1. Large cities started to grow resulting in poor working and living conditions - lack of people in the country as they tried to find jobs.
                      1. Developed military power
                        1. Development of social unrest and radical alternatives to Tsarism
                          1. Russia behind Western Countries
                            1. Extra taxation caused resentment and uprisings were common among peasants.
                              1. No political reform to match economic modernisation
                                1. Other forms of communication lagged
                                  1. Little attention to agriculture
                                  2. STOYLPIN
                                    1. Wanted to modernise Russia Agriculture
                                      1. Create a layer of class of peasants that were loyal to the Tsar
                                        1. Brought in agricultural education
                                          1. Encouraged people to move to underdeveloped land
                                            1. Peasants Land Bank to give cheap loans
                                              1. Redemption payments abolished in 1907
                                                1. Laws to free peasants from communes
                                                  1. Agricultural production rose from 45.9 million tonnes (1906) to 61.6 million tonnes (1913)
                                                    1. 3 Million Peasants were relocated
                                                      1. Number of peasants who owned their own land went from 20% to 50%
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