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4713960
Enzymes SAC Mindmap
Description
Mind map of the concepts under enzymes
No tags specified
biology
vce
enzymes
biology
unit 3 aos 1 - enzymes
victorian certificate of education (vce)
Mind Map by
Minoshka Bocarro
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
Minoshka Bocarro
over 8 years ago
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Resource summary
Enzymes SAC Mindmap
Experimental Methods of Study of Enzyme Action
Rate
Quantity over time (divided by)
Displacement
Something gets replaced
Does the reaction naturally occur?
Yes but at a such a slow rate that nothing occurs
Independent
Usually stems for the factors that affect enzyme rate even if not explicitly stated
pH
Temperature
Enzyme or substrate concnetration
Inhibition
Volume of container
Analysing, Interpreting and Evaluating the Results and Procedures of the Practical Investigation
experimental design
hypotheisis
cause and effect
Independent and dependent variables
variables
Indpendent
Include a range
See overall trend of the relationship
Show variation
Dependent
Controlled
Constant
Fair test as only one variable is affecting the outcome
Specifically state what is controlled
Temperature of enzyme or of substrate?
Method
Use an annotated diagram to quickly demonstrate the process
Repetitions
Minimal 10
Fair test - Rule out any errors and affirm that a trend occurs
Results
Qualitative
Support quantitative data
Verify that any mistakes were due to error and method was done properly
Quantitative
More accurate
Precision
Control Group
Comparison point for ---
Confirms that independent conducted the change
Multiple Control groups
If points needed for comparison
Terms, concepts and Relationships
Enzyme Catalysed Reactions
Roles
Increase the rate of the reactions
Decrease the activation energy required to reach the transition state
A.K.A the state in which the reaction begins
weakening of bonds
How does it do this?
Brings bonds closer together?
Able to be reused over and over again until worn out
Thus able to be used in small amounts
Can occur in both directions of the reaction. Catabolic and anabolic
Needs different enzymes to do so though
Mode of Action
Induced Fit
Enzyme Substrate Complex
not exact fit. Shows enzymes flexibility, conform=complementry shape
when disassociated=returns to original shape
Lock & KEy
Enzymes Substrate Complex
requires an exact fit
Inhibition
Rational Drug Design
TYPE
COMPETITIVE
Directly binds with the active site.
Blocks the substrate from interacting with the enzyme
If reversible
higher concentrations of substrate can dislodge it
If not reversible
accumulation can occur
NON-COMPETITIVE
Does not bind to the active site but to another part of the enzyme. However slightly changes the shape of the enzyme and active site
Can not be removed
permanent or cant be removed by substrate
Location
Intracellular
Extracellular
Factors affecting enzyme rate
Natural
COFACTORS and COENZYMES
can help produce a better fit of the enzyme-substrate complex
Coenzymes = Vitamins
Increased Concentration of Substrates
Saturated
All active sites are occupied
Temperature
Affect collision rate of enzymes with substrates
Optimal Temperature
Highest enzyme activity
Too much below
Inactive
Snow movement, not as much or no collisions
Too much above
Denatured
Heat affects tertiary structure of enzyme and unfolds
pH
Affect attraction of active site and therefore binding
Hydrogen ions
Extreme High
Denature
Extreme Low
Optimal pH
Highest enzyme activity
Varies per enzyme
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