504237
Description
Mind Map by sian.allison, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by sian.allison
over 10 years ago
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Chemical Analysis and Instrumental Methods
- Artificial Colours can be seperated using paper chromatography
- A food colouring might
contain one dye or it might
be a mixture of dyes
- 1. Extract the colour from a
food sample by placing it in
a small cup with a few drops
of slovent (water, ethonal
etc)
- 2. Put spots of the coloured solution on a pencil baseline on filter paper
- 3. Roll up the sheet and put it in a beaker with some solvent - but keep the baseline above the level of solvent
- 4. The solvent seeps up the paper taking the dyes with it. Different dyes form spots in different places
- 5. Watch out though a chromatogram with four
spots means at least four dyes not exactly four
dyes. There could be five dyes with two of them
making a spot in the same place
- 5. Watch out though a chromatogram with four
spots means at least four dyes not exactly four
dyes. There could be five dyes with two of them
making a spot in the same place
- 4. The solvent seeps up the paper taking the dyes with it. Different dyes form spots in different places
- 3. Roll up the sheet and put it in a beaker with some solvent - but keep the baseline above the level of solvent
- 2. Put spots of the coloured solution on a pencil baseline on filter paper
- A food colouring might
contain one dye or it might
be a mixture of dyes
- Machines can also analyse unknown substances
- You can identify elements and compounds using instrumental methods
- Advantages
- Very sensitive can detect even the tiniest amount of substance
- Very fast and tests can be automated
- Very accurate
- Very sensitive can detect even the tiniest amount of substance
- Advantages
- You can identify elements and compounds using instrumental methods
- Gas chromatography
- Seperate out a mixture of
compounds to help identify the
substances
- 1 .A gas is used to carry substances through a column packed with a solid material
- 2. The substances travel through the tube at different speeds so they are seperated.
- 3. The time they take to reach the detector is called retention time. It helps identify substances
- 4. The recorder draws a gas chromatograph. The number of peaks shows the number of different compounds in the sample
- 5. The position of the peaks shows the retention time of each substance
- 6. The gas chromatography column can also be
linked to a mass spectrometer. This process is known
as GC-MS and can identify the substances leaving
the column very accurately
- 7. You can work out the relative molecular mass of each substance from the graph it draws. You just read off from the molecular ion peak
- 7. You can work out the relative molecular mass of each substance from the graph it draws. You just read off from the molecular ion peak
- 6. The gas chromatography column can also be
linked to a mass spectrometer. This process is known
as GC-MS and can identify the substances leaving
the column very accurately
- 5. The position of the peaks shows the retention time of each substance
- 4. The recorder draws a gas chromatograph. The number of peaks shows the number of different compounds in the sample
- 3. The time they take to reach the detector is called retention time. It helps identify substances
- 2. The substances travel through the tube at different speeds so they are seperated.
- Seperate out a mixture of
compounds to help identify the
substances
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