5.1 Electron Structure

Atomic Orbitals
1. Different types of orbital
2. An orbital is a region that can hold up to two electrons, with opposite spins
S-orbitals
1. hold 2 electrons
2. Each shell from the first one holds one s-orbital
3. The greater the shell number n, the greater the radius of its s-orbital
4. Electron cloud in the shape of a sphere
P-orbitals
1. Electron cloud in the shape of a dumb-bell
2. Three separate p-orbitals at right angles to one another each that can hold one or two electrons
3. The greater the shell number n, the further the p-orbital is from the nulceus
D-orbitals and F-orbitals
1. Each shell from the third shell contains FIVE D-orbitals
2. Each shell from the fourth shell contains SEVEN F-orbitals
In the spec you have to state the number of electrons in the first 4 shells
1. Shell 1
  1. 2
  2. Shell 2
    1. Shell 3
      1. Shell 4
        32
      2. 18
    2. 8
Blocks in the periodic table
1. s-block: Highest energy electrons in the s-sub-shell (left block of two groups)
2. p-block: Highest energy electrons in the p-sub-shell (right block of 6 groups)
3. d-block: Highest energy electron sin the d-sub-shell (centre block of 10 groups)

Resource summary

	Created by Bee Brittain over 8 years ago