Renaissance

Annotations:

• The Renaissance was a time period after the dark ages. The Renaissance was mainly a time of art and trade.

1. Change

   Annotations:

   • The Renaissance was a time of great intellectual growth and rebirth in fact, the word Renaissance literally means "rebirth" in French. This new era of enlightenment for Europeans began in Florence towards the end of the 14th century, following the Middle Ages, and after the Black Death wiped out nearly half of Europe's population. During the Renaissance, a revolution in philosophy, science and mathematics dramatically changed arts and culture in Europe.
   1. Humanism

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      • Humanism is when you think for your self and do what you want to do.
      1. Petrarch

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         • He was a major movement in Humanism. He was often referred to as the Father of " Humanism "
      2. Independent Thinking

         Annotations:

         • Independent Thinking is self explanatory but it is when you think for your self and when you do you.
   2. Florence, Italy

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      • Florence, Italy was a very very important place where all of the change that led to the renaissance happened.
      1. Ancient Greece and Rome

         Annotations:

         • They were important because they were what influenced the part of the Renaissance. 
         1. Art

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            • The Romans and Geeks had left behind art and the Renaissance picked up on this and people from the Renaissance started to paint with depth and meaning other than religion.
            1. Midici Family

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               • The Medici family, also known as the House of Medici, first attained wealth and political power in Florence in the 13th century through its success in commerce and banking. The family’s support of the arts and humanities made Florence into the cradle of the Renaissance, a cultural flowering rivaled only by that of ancient Greece.
               • The Medici family, also known as the House of Medici, first attained wealth and political power in Florence in the 13th century through its success in commerce and banking. Beginning in 1434 with the rise to power of Cosimo de’ Medici (or Cosimo the Elder), the family’s support of the arts and humanities made Florence into the cradle of the Renaissance, a cultural flowering rivaled only by that of ancient Greece.
               1. Patrons

                  Annotations:

                  • The Midici Family were patrons of the art coming and going through Venice, Italy. 
               2. Politics

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                  • The Medici family ran the city-state of Florence, and what they wanted to happen happened when ever they wanted it to happen
            2. Leonardo Da Vinci

               Annotations:

               • Leonardo Da Vinci was ( and is today ) a very very famous painter who was extremely influential during the Renaissance. He was also an inventor of  many things and was a very curious person.
            3. Michael Angelo

               Annotations:

               • Michael Angelo ,was an Italian sculptor, painter, architect, poet, and engineer of the High Renaissance who exerted an unparalleled influence on the development of Western art. 
            4. Shakespeare

               Annotations:

               • William Shakespeare was an English poet, play writer, and actor, widely referred to as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist.
            5. Donatello

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               • By 1408, Donatello was back in Florence at the workshops of the cathedral. That year, he completed the life-sized marble sculpture, David. The figure follows a Gothic style, popular at the time, with long graceful lines and an expressionless face. The work reflects the influences of sculptors of the time. Technically, it's very well executed, but it lacks the emotional style and innovative technique that would mark Donatello’s later work. Originally, the sculpture was intended for placement in the cathedral. Instead, however, it was set up in the Palazzo Vecchio (the town hall) as an inspiring symbol of defiance of authority to Florentines, who were engaged in a struggle with the king of Naples at the time.
            6. Non Religious Themes

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               • The world was changing for the better and so was the art, and because of this people started to question the Catholic Church. As a result of this non religious themes were coming into art.
            7. Perspective

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               • Perspective in art was a major thing that was changing within the time of the Renaissance. 
            8. Leonardo da Vinci

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               • Leonardo da Vinci is probably the most famous painter and inventor of all time. He painted the Monalisa. 
            9. Raphael

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               • Raphael, was an Italian painter and architect of the High Renaissance. His work is admired for its clarity of form, ease of composition, and visual achievement of the Neoplatonic ideal of human grandeur
         2. Rebirth of Classical Ideas

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            • The rebirth of classical ideas are what the people of the Renaissance based what they did off of. 
            1. Science

               Annotations:

               • During the Renaissance people adopted the science from the ancient Romans and Greeks. 
               1. Copernicus

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                  • Nicolaus Copernicus was a mathematician and astronomer who made a model of the universe that placed the Sun rather than the Earth at the center of the universe 
               2. Galileo

                  Annotations:

                  • Galileo Galilei, was an Italian astronomer, physicist, engineer, philosopher, and mathematician who played a major role in the scientific revolution during the Renaissance.
               3. Veslius

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                  • Andreas Vesalius was an anatomist, physician, and author of one of the most influential books on human anatomy. Vesalius is often referred to as the founder of modern human anatomy.
               4. Machiavelli

                  Annotations:

                  • Machiavelli was an Italian Renaissance historian, politician, diplomat, philosopher, humanist, and writer. He has often been called the founder of modern political science.
      2. Renaissance Architecture

         Annotations:

         • Renaissance building types were the church, palazzo and villas.
         1. Brunelleschi

            Annotations:

            • Filippo Brunelleschi was an Italian designer and a key figure in architecture. He designed the dome and that was a very important part of Renaissance architecture.
   3. Printing

      Annotations:

      • Printing was done on hand until Gutenburg found a solution.
      1. Gutenberg

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         • He changed the way printing was done and how it is today.
      2. Famous Printed Bible

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         • A great leap forward took place when the Egyptians began using papyrus. This plant, found along the Nile, was cut into strips, soaked in water, and then pressed into sheets. While the Old Testament was first copied on leather scrolls, the use of papyrus soon became the favorite of Bible copyists. 
   4. Medicine

      Annotations:

      • Medicine in the renaissance changed from wierd things, to the medicine that we know.
   5. Power of the Church and Kings Challenged

      Annotations:

      • The kings were mad that the church was making money so the kings stopped them from taking so much money by taxing them. Then the church came up with a genius idea of purgatory. A ticket to get your loved one out of purgatory. ( a place in between life on earth and heaven. )