519528
Description
Mind Map by v.djabatey, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by v.djabatey
almost 11 years ago
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skin disorders in newborn
- skin @ birth covered with vernix caseosa
- = chalky-white greasy
coat, made of water,
proteins & lipids
- protects skin in utero from amniotic fluid
- protects skin in utero from amniotic fluid
- vernix shedding coincides
w/ transepidermal layer
maturation
- = chalky-white greasy
coat, made of water,
proteins & lipids
- preterm infant's skin
- thin
- poorly keratinised
- no subcutaneous fat
- sig more
transepidermal
water loss than
term baby
- unable to sweat till a
few weeks old
- (term
infants can
sweat from
birth)
- (term
infants can
sweat from
birth)
- thin
- bullous impetigo
- uncommon
- potentially serious
blistering form of
impetigo
- seen esp in newborn
- most often
caused by
Staph aureus
- Rx w/ systemic Abx
- e.g.
penicillinase-resistant
penicillin
- e.g.
penicillinase-resistant
penicillin
- uncommon
- melanocytic naevi (moles)
- congenital
moles in up to
3% of
neonates
- usually small
- usually small
- congenital
pigmented
naevi > 9cm
diameter
(i.e.
extensive)
- rare but disfiguring
- carry 4-6% risk of
subseq malignant
melanoma
- need quick
referral to derm
& plastic
surgeon
- assess feasibility of removal
- assess feasibility of removal
- rare but disfiguring
- melanocytic
naevi
increasingly
common w/ age
- presence in adult
may be indicative of
childhood sun
exposure
- presence in adult
may be indicative of
childhood sun
exposure
- avoid
prolonged
sun
exposure
- use >20
SPF
sunscreen to
exposed
skin in bright
weather
- reapply every few hours
- reapply every few hours
- use >20
SPF
sunscreen to
exposed
skin in bright
weather
- malignant melanoma
- rare
before
puberty
- incidence
risen sig in
adults
- incidence
risen sig in
adults
- risk
factors
- +ve
fam
hx
- large no of
melanocytic
naevi
- fair
skin
- repeated
episodes
of
sunburn
- living in a hot
climate w/
chronic sun
exposure
- +ve
fam
hx
- rare
before
puberty
- congenital
moles in up to
3% of
neonates
- albinism
- due to defect in
biosynthesis &
distribution of melanin
- distribution of
depigmentation in
skin & eye
- oculocutaneous
- ocular
- partial
- oculocutaneous
- causes visual impairment
- failure to develop
fixation reflex
- due to lack of
pigment in iris,
retina, eyelids &
eyebrows
- due to lack of
pigment in iris,
retina, eyelids &
eyebrows
- pendular
nystagmus &
photophobia
- -> constant frowning
- -> constant frowning
- refractive errors
- correct w/
tinted contact
lenses
- in some kids, fitting these
from early infancy allows
development of normal
fixation
- in some kids, fitting these
from early infancy allows
development of normal
fixation
- correct w/
tinted contact
lenses
- failure to develop
fixation reflex
- pale skin prone
to sunburn &
skin Ca
- when in sunlight
- wear
a
hat
- apply high
factor
sunscreen
- wear
a
hat
- due to defect in
biosynthesis &
distribution of melanin
- epidermolysis bullosa
- rare group of genetic
conditions w/ blistering
of skin & mucous mb
- autosomal
dominant types
milder
- autosomal recessive
types may be severe
& fatal
- scarring
follows
recurrent
blistering
- scarring
follows
recurrent
blistering
- autosomal
dominant types
milder
- blisters occur
spontaneously or
follow minor trauma
- need to
differentiate these
from scalds
- need to
differentiate these
from scalds
- Mx
- maintain
adequate
nutrition
- MDT
- paed dermatologist
- paediatrician
- plastic surgeon
- dietician
- paed dermatologist
- avoid inj from
even minor
skin trauma
- treat 2ary infection
- maintain
adequate
nutrition
- severe forms
- fusion of
fingers &
toes
- contractures
of limbs
develop
- cos of repeated blistering & healing
- cos of repeated blistering & healing
- fusion of
fingers &
toes
- mucuous mb involvement
- oral ulceration
- stenosis
- -> oesophageal erosions
- -> oesophageal erosions
- oral ulceration
- rare group of genetic
conditions w/ blistering
of skin & mucous mb
- collodion baby
- rare manifestation of inherited icthyoses
- group of dry & scaly skin conditions
- group of dry & scaly skin conditions
- infant born w/ taut
parchment-like or
collodion-like mb
- mb gets fissured & separates within few weeks
- can leave ichthyotic or normal skin (less common)
- can leave ichthyotic or normal skin (less common)
- mb gets fissured & separates within few weeks
- Mx
- emollients
- to moisturise & soften skin
- to moisturise & soften skin
- emollients
- rare manifestation of inherited icthyoses
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