Renaissance

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• Because of its location, Florence, Italy was having good trade route to be rich. And this leads to the start of Renaissance. 

1. Science

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   • During the Renaissance period, science changed a lot. Many of the discoveries and inventions are founded in this period. 
   1. Medicine

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      • During the Renaissance period, the discoveries of human body helped peoples understand of medicine. 
      1. Vesalius

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         • Vesalius discovered the human body that helped people to understand. His book became first modern medicine textbook. 
   2. Printing

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      • During the Renaissance period, first printing machine was founded. Before, they wrote book in hand-written. It helped the spread of ideas in Renaissance. 
      1. Gutenburg

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         • Gutenberg invented the first printing machine in Renaissance period. He made moveable type, new method of printing. 
         1. Famous Printed Bible

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            • After Gutenberg invented the printing machine, the ideas spread faster than before. And Gutenberg's first printed Bible that spread out the ideas. 
   3. Leonardo Da Vinci

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      • Leonardo Da Vinci contributed technology, ideas of different weapons, flying machines, working tools, water machine affect a lot in Europe. 
   4. Copernicus

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      • Copernicus discovered an idea of Heliocentricism what sun is the center of the universe and Earth is turning around the sun. 
   5. Galileo

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      • Galileo is famous astronomer, mathematician, and engineer. He founded the modern physics and astronomy. 
2. Arts

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   • During the Renaissance period, art was the biggest connection between classical ideas. It changed a lot, and learning of techniques and characteristics. 
   1. Architecture

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      • During the Renaissance period, as art influenced by classical idea, architecture also get influenced. The architecture represents the elements of classical ideas with humanist ideas. 
      1. Brunelleschi

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         • Brunelleschi was first modern engineer. He helped to create one of the greatest architecture, Santa Maria del Fiore cathedral. 
      2. Leonardo Da Vinci

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         • Leonardo Da Vinci also studied architecture. For famous work, he helped to design with Milan cathedral. 
   2. Perspective

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      • During the Renaissance period, art developed a lot. One of the advances is use of the perspective in the artworks. This technique make artwork more realistic. 
   3. Non Religious Themes

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      • During the Renaissance period, artwork show ordinary people and nature, not just having religious artworks. 
   4. Michelangelo

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      • Michelangelo was Italian sculptor and painter. His art especially presents the beauty of Renaissance and expressions of emotion. 
   5. Donatello

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      • Donatello was sculptor, he is one of the first who use realistic, lifelike style art. For famous work, there is statue of David. 
   6. Raphael

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      • Raphael is painter and sculptor. For his famous work, Villa Madama. 
3. Politics

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   • During the Renaissance period, government ruled city. So the politcs were big part in this period. 
   1. Medici Family

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      • Medici Family is who have a lot of money to support the art during the Renaissance period. 
      1. Patrons

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         • Patrons are who have a lot of money to support the artist who does not have a lot of money. 
   2. Machiavelli

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      • Machiavelli is known as the founder of modern political science. He wrote the book about politics called The Prince. 
4. Humanism

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   • Humanism helped the development of Renaissance. Based on the classical ideas, humanists studied various learnings. It helped to the rebirth of classical ideas and thinking. 
   1. Independent Thinking

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      • In the Humanism, independent thinking means what they believe that every people have ability and right to learn. 
   2. Power of the Church and Kings Challenged

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      • As the idea of independent thinking spread out over Europe, people get doubt about the power of the church and challenged of king. The idea of independent thinking is very different from the power of the church and king. 
   3. Petrarch

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      • Petrarch is who founded the humanism. He collected various of ancient greek and rome writings. And he studied with those writings. 
   4. Rebirth of Classical Ideas

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      • The rebirth of classical ideas, the classical ideas were the base of the Renaissance ideas. 
      1. Ancient Greek and Rome

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         • The ideas of ancient Greek and Rome influenced that is also the classical ideas. And helped the ideas of Humanism. 
5. Literature

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   • During the Renaissance period, literature changed by the humanism and rebirth of classical ideas. 
   1. Shakespeare

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      • William Shakespeare was an awesome poet and writer. For his famous work, Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Macbeth, and Merchant of Venice. 

Annotations:

• Renaissance period is change of classical ideas. And there is a lot of changes in Renaissance period with art, science, literature, and politics.