5256372
Description
Mind Map by geniusmathgeek, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by geniusmathgeek
over 9 years ago
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How Genetic
Engineering is
Done
- 1. Extraction of required
gene from [human] cells
from other DNA
- Using restriction enzymes:
they cut DNA molecules at
particular points
- Leave unpaired
bases at each end
called 'sticky ends'
- Leave unpaired
bases at each end
called 'sticky ends'
- Using restriction enzymes:
they cut DNA molecules at
particular points
- 2. Insertion of gene into
bacteria using plasmids
- Plasmids: a ring
of DNA found in
bacteria
- Plasmids: a ring
of DNA found in
bacteria
- 3. Plasmid is cut, using
the same restriction
enzymes.
- Leaves sticky ends
complementary to
those of the gene
- Leaves sticky ends
complementary to
those of the gene
- 4. Genes and plasmids are mixed together
using DNA ligase. Product: Recombinant
Plasmids
- DNA ligase: enzyme that
firmly links strands of
genes and plasmids
together
- DNA ligase: enzyme that
firmly links strands of
genes and plasmids
together
- 5. Added to a culture of bacteria,
put into fermenters, and allowed
to reproduce asexually.
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