5480715
Description
Mind Map by Dean Lundie, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Dean Lundie
over 8 years ago
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Polynucleotides and DNA
- Structure of DNA
- Two Polynucleotide chains joined together
by hydrogen bonds between bases
- Complementary base-pairing means each
base can only bond to a specific base
- Adenine and Thymine
- Guanine and Cytosine
- Adenine and Thymine
- Two hydrogen bonds between A and T,
and three bonds for C and G
- Two antiparallel polynucleotide
strands twist to make double helix
- Two Polynucleotide chains joined together
by hydrogen bonds between bases
- DNA Purification
Practical
- 1) Break up cells in sample
(eg onion) using a blender
- 2) Make solution of detergent,
salt and distilled water
- 3) Add broken cells to solution and
incubate in water bath at 60C for 15 mins
- 4)When finished, place in ice bath to
cool. When its cool, filter. Transfer
sample to clean boiling tube
- 5) Add protease enzymes to filtered
mixture to break down proteins
- 6) Slowly dribble cold ethanol down side to
form layer on top of detergent mixture
- 7) The DNA will form a white precipitate
- 1) Break up cells in sample
(eg onion) using a blender
- Self-Replication
- DNA copies itself before cell division so
each new cell has the full amount of DNA
- 1) The enzyme DNA Helicase breaks hydrogen
bonds between the two polynucleotide strands.
The helix unzips to form two single strands
- 2) Each original single strand acts as a template for
a new strand. Free floating nucleotides join to
exposed bases on each strand by base pairing
- 3) The nucleotides of the new strand
are joined together by DNA polymerase
to make the sugar phosphate backbone
- 4) Hydrogen bods form between the
bases on the original and new strand
- 5) Each new DNA molecule contains one strand from
the original DNA molecule and one new strand
- DNA copies itself before cell division so
each new cell has the full amount of DNA
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