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1_Covalent Substances: Two Kinds
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Facts about Covalent Substances: Two Kinds. Comment below if this helps you :)
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covalent substances: two kinds
gcse
science
chemistry 2a
chemistry
chemistry unit 2
gcse
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Alexis Bagatan
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Evangeline Taylor
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1_Covalent Substances: Two Kinds
Substances with covalent bonds (electron Sharing) can either be simple molecules or giant structures
Simple Molecular Substance
The atom forms a very strong covalent bond to form small molecules of several atoms.
By contrast, the forces of attraction between these molecules are very weak
The result of these feeble intermolecular forces
The melting and boiling point are very low
Because molecules are easily parted from each other.
It’s the intermolecular forces that get broken when simple molecular substances melt or boil – not the much stronger covalent bonds.
Most molecular substances are gases or liquids at room temperature but they can be solids
Molecular substances don’t conduct electricity – there are not ions so there’s no electrical charge.
Giant covalent Structure are macromolecules
These are similar to giant ionic Structure (lattice)
Except that there are no charged ions
All the atoms are bonded to each other by strong covalent bonds
This means that they have a very high melting and boiling points
They don’t conduct electricity - not even when molten (except for graphite)
The main example are diamond and graphite as they are both made only from carbon atoms and silicon atoms (Silica)
Diamond
Each carbon atom forms four covalent bonds in a very rigid giant structure
Made of the hardest natural substance
Used for drill tips and it’s pretty and sparkly too
Silicon Dioxide (Silica)
This is what sand made of - each grain of sand is one giant structure of silicon and oxygen.
Graphite
Each carbon atom only forms three covalent bonds
These creates layers which are free to slide other each other (like a pack of cards) - Graphite is soft and slippery
This is because there are weak intermolecular forces between the layers
Media attachments
Silicon (image/png)
Intermolecular (image/png)
Diamond (image/png)
Graphite (image/png)
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