Qadar (predestination) is an
Arabic word for destiny and divine
foreordainment. The concept of
predestination refers to the idea
that Allah has written out our lives
for us.
The destiny of everything is recorded in
a preserved tablet - in a Hadith, Prophet
Muhammad stated that the first thing
Allah created was the pen. With the pen,
everything that will occur and has
should be noted
Nothing is allowed to come to pass unless
it is the will of Allah, hence the phrase
"inshallah" meaning 'if Allah wills.'
When referring to the future,
Muslims frequently qualify any
predictions of what will come to
pass with this phrase.
Human knowledge of the future is
limited, and all that may or may not
come to pass is under the control of
God.
God is omniscient and therefore has
foreknowledge of all possible futures. With
divine power, God then also deems which
futures will be allowed.
The Sunni view of predestination - they believe that
destiny is when God wrote down in the preserved tablet
everything that happened, and will.
An individual has power to
choose, but only Allah is sure
to know what will happen.
The belief in predestination is based on four things.
1.) Knowledge - Allah knows
what His creation will do
based on His eternal
knowledge.
"Allah knows and you
do not know."
2.) Writing - Allah has written
every single thing that exists.
"Nor can a soul die except by Allah's leave, the
term being fixed as by writing."
3.) Will - what Allah wills
happens and what He
doesn't will does not
happen.
"Not a leaf falls but that He knows it."
4.) Creation and formation - Allah is
the creator of all things, including
the actions of His creations.
Hadith - Allah's Apostle was asked about
the children of pagans. The Prophet replied
"Since Allah created them, He knows what
sort of deed they would have done."