Different diseases of digestive system treated by different enzymes

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Grade 12 Biology Mind Map on Different diseases of digestive system treated by different enzymes, created by Helen Huang on 05/09/2016.
Helen Huang
Mind Map by Helen Huang, updated more than 1 year ago
Helen Huang
Created by Helen Huang over 8 years ago
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Different diseases of digestive system treated by different enzymes
  1. Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency
    1. There is a trouble with pancreas coproduce enough digestive enzymes ,which help to digest the food in intestine.
      1. The main treatment for it is pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy which means take the capsules with pancreatic enzyme in order to prevent enzymes from high temperature (M. Mamadou, PhD.2013,09).
    2. Lactose Intolerance
      1. Somebody who cannot digest lactose,they will feel diarrhea and flatulence(M. Mamadou, PhD.2013,09).
        1. Supplemental digestive enzyme products containing effective lactase enzyme can remedy the conditions associated with lactose intolerance(M. Mamadou, PhD.2013,09).
      2. Casein and Gluten Intolerance
        1. Some people cannot digest the casein and gluten which are the proteins from milk and wheat.
          1. Supplemental digestive enzymes could supply help for preventing or reducing the risks of digestive (M. Mamadou, PhD.2013,09).
        2. Food Allergies
          1. The intestine's complicated immune system,with digestive enzymes, helps suppress any allergen-inducing capability contained in the food proteins we consume (M. Mamadou, PhD.2013,09).
            1. High supplemental digestive enzymes in proteases are helpful in controlling food allergies(M. Mamadou, PhD.2013,09).
          2. Microbial Control
            1. Digestive system may get some germs by consuming food and drinks (M. Mamadou, PhD.2013,09).
              1. Using enzymes may prevent attachment of the germs and end infectivity by some pathogenic intestinal bacteria(M. Mamadou, PhD.2013,09).
            2. Celiac Disease
              1. It makes a injury to the intestinal cells so that the functions of the brush border enzymes and the ability of the cells to perform their absorptive function will be damaged(M. Mamadou, PhD.2013,09).
                1. It is helpful to use supplemental digestive enzymes,which contain highly active proteases and peptidases(M. Mamadou, PhD.2013,09).
              2. people who should take digestive enzymes
                  1. Dr.axe,n.d.Digestive enzymes.Retrieved from https://draxe.com/digestive-enzymes/
                1. Amylase
                  1. It catalyses the hydrolysis of starch into sugars (Barkalow, David G & Whistler, Roy L, n.d.)
                  2. Problem and Solution
                    1. Enzyme is one of the food macromolecules so that its effect can be easily influenced by some abiotic factors such as temperature, pH, etc. Therefore, the method named PEG is able to improve the thermostability, pH stability and other properties of enzymes. In addition, some researchers solved above problem by using lipid to wrap the enzyme medicine in order to protect the enzyme activity (Weiwei Li,2006).
                    2. Hypochlorhydria
                      1. It’s not only the elderly who suffer from hypochlorhydria or have too little stomach acid.
                        1. Aside from a decrease in stomach acid that fails to trigger reactions, the acid itself cannot break down foods to release minerals, vitamins and nutrients. Many micronutrients are “cleaved” or released from food while it’s in the stomach — if this action fails, then there’s an automatic nutritional or enzymatic insufficiency (Sarah Myhill, 16 January 2015.)
                      2. Liver Disease
                        1. The liver disease always suspected as having a concurrent enzyme insufficiency.
                          1. Typically first hitting adults between ages 20–50 with breathing and other respiratory complaints, as roughly 15 percent of adults develop liver disease.
                        2. Dyspepsia
                          1. A condition of impaired digestion may lack of digestive enzymes.
                          2. lipase
                            1. It can assist lipid to be digested, transported and processed(Lipase, 2016, July 13).
                            2. Pancreatin
                              1. It is a mixture of a few digestive enzymes produced by the exocrine cells of the pancreas,and is composed of amylase, lipase and protease (Enzyme-therapy-for-cancer-and-digestive-diseases, n.d.)
                              2. Cellulase
                                1. It can break down the cellulose molecule into monosaccharides (Worthington Enzyme, n.d.).
                                2. Benefit
                                    1. Dr.axe,n.d.Digestive enzymes.Retrieved from https://draxe.com/digestive-enzymes/
                                  1. properties of enzyme
                                    1. 1、Specificity 2、High efficiency
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