6252470
Description
Mind Map by Innes Copeland, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Innes Copeland
over 9 years ago
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Hydrocarbons Revision
MindMap-InnesCopeland
- Alkanes
- CnH2n+2
- Uses: Fuels, Plastic, Tape
- Combustion reaction with
Alkanes produces water and
Carbon dioxide
- Methane, Ethane,
Propane,Butane,
Pentane etc
- Saturated
- CnH2n+2
- Alkenes
- CnH2n
- Ethene,
Propene,
Butene,
Pentene,
hexene
etc
- 2 carbons required for a double bond
- 2 carbons required for a double bond
- When reacted with Bromine
solution, they remove the orange
clour and it turns it colourless
- Unsaturated
- Uses:Plant hormone,
Anti-Freeze
- CnH2n
- Homologous series
- "Family of compounds
with similar structure
and properties
- Same general
formula, Similar
chemical properties
, Gradual increase in
physical properties
- "Family of compounds
with similar structure
and properties
- Cycloalkanes
- Same general formula as
alkanes:CnH2n
- Smallest Cycloalkane is Cyclopropane
- Cyclopropane,
Cyclobutane,
Cyclopentane
- Part of the homologous series
- Same general formula as
alkanes:CnH2n
- Alkane Isomers
- Same molecular formula,
Different structural
formula
- Isomers of BUTANE
- Branched CycloAlkanes
- When there is only one branch on a ring, it
does not require a number to locate it
- More than 1 branch
- When there is more than one alkyl group on a
ring of carbon atoms, they are located by their
positions relative to each other
- The carbon atoms of ring are
numbered so the alkyl groups
are near each other
- When there is more than one alkyl group on a
ring of carbon atoms, they are located by their
positions relative to each other
- Same general formula as Alkenes
- CnH2n
- When there is only one branch on a ring, it
does not require a number to locate it
- Same molecular formula,
Different structural
formula
- Alkenes Isomers
- The C=C in an alkene molecule is called its FUNCTIONAL GROUP
- The number of the alkene starts
at the end closer to the double
bond
- Alk-number-ene
- The C=C in an alkene molecule is called its FUNCTIONAL GROUP
- Addition Reactions
- The bromine molecule reacts with the C=C,
breaking it open then adds onto the molecule
- A chemical reaction where molecules add
across a double bond
- Ends in ANE because the molecules contain only C-C bonds
- The bromine molecule reacts with the C=C,
breaking it open then adds onto the molecule
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