Tissue Types

Tissue Types

Connective
1. found everywhere in the body
2. provides protection, binds body tissues together, and supports the body
3. some are well-vascularized, some have poor blood supply. some are avascular
4. extracellular matrix- non-living material
5. types:
  1. dense regular CT
    1. fibroblast, has no lacunae, attaches bone to bone and bone to muscle, resists pulling forces from a single direction, found in ligaments and tendons
  2. dense irregular CT
    1. fibroblast, fibers are in bundles, provides strength, can withstand pulling forces from any direction,found in dermis of skin
    2. elastic CT
      1. provides elasticity, found in the aorta
  3. cartilage
    1. hyaline
      1. chondrocyte, LACK OF FIBROUS APPEARANCE, functions: structural support,, cushions joints, found in articulating ends of long bones, nose, trachea, and ends of ribs
    2. fibrocartilage
      1. chondrocytes, HAS LACUNAE, USUALLY BLUE IN COLOR, resists compressive forces, found in intervertebral disks, pubic symphysis, menisci of knee joint
    3. elastic cartilage
      1. chondrocyte, often paired lacunae, extensive dark elastic fibers, functions: flexibility, bendability, found in ear lobe and epiglottis
  4. loose CT
    1. areolar CT
      1. fibroblast, wraps, cushions, holds defensive cells, holds fluids
    2. adipose tissue
      1. adipocyte, has a nucleus, functions: energy storage, cushioning, insulation, found under skin, breasts, surrounds eyes and kidney
    3. reticular CT
      1. fibroblast, forms scaffolding to upport other cells, found in spleen, bone marrow, and lymph nodes
  5. bone
    1. osteocytes, HAS RINGS, functions: support, protection, act as levers, mineral storage, found in bones
  6. blood
    1. erythrocytes (may have leucocytes) ROUND, transports nutrients, gases, waste, etc., found within the circulatory system
nervous
1. neurons, IRREGULAR BODY, DARK NUCLEUS, DARKER NUCLEOLUS, SUPPORTING GLIAL CELLS, communication, found all over the human body
epithelial
1. simple
  1. simp. squamous
    1. single layer of flat cells, lines air sacs of lungs, forms walls of capillaries, form serous membrane that line and cover organs in ventral cavity,
    2. functions: diffusion, filtration, secretion
  2. simp. cuboidal
    1. single layer of cube-like cells, common in glands and their ducts, forms walls of kidney tubules, covers the surface of ovaries
    2. secretion, absorption, ciliated types propel mucus or reproductive cells
  3. simp. columnar
    1. single layer of tall cells (goblet cell- secretes mucus) lines digestive tract from stomach to anus, mucous membrane body cavities opening up to the exterior
2. pseudostratified columnar
  1. single layer but looks like multiple layer, found in respiratory tract, absorption and secretion
3. stratified
  1. strat, squamous
    1. mult, layers of flat cells, found in skin, mouth, and esophagus, is a protective covering where firction is common
  2. strat. cuboidal
    1. at least two layers of cuboidal cells, protection, found in ducts of glands,very rare
  3. strat. columnar
    1. very rare, found in ducts of large glands
4. transitional
  1. composed of modified stratified squamous epithelium, shape of cells depends on the amount of stretching, function: stretching and ability to return back to its shape
muscle
1. skeletal
  1. multiple nuclei, CONTAIN STRIATIONS AND NUCLEI ARE PUSHED TO THE EDGE OF THE FIBERS, voluntary, found skeletal muscles
2. cardiac
  1. faint striations, multiple nuclei, INTERCALATED DISK, involuntary, found in the muscle of the heart
3. smooth
  1. LACKS STRIATIONS, multiple nuclei, involuntary, found surrounding most hollow organs

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	Created by Grace Lopez about 8 years ago