These are the materials that have been bought by a
manufacturing business and are ready to be transferred to the
production area where they will be used to make the finished
goods.
Work in progress
This comprises part-finished products that are
awaiting completion.
Finished goods
These are manufactured items that have
been completed and are ready for sale.
Valuation methods:
FIFO
First in first out
Inventory that is being issued is valued at the oldest purchase
price. This means that the inventory left in the stores is valued
at the most recent purchase price.
LIFO
Last in first out
Inventory that is being issued is valued at the
most recent purchase price. This means that the
inventory left in the stores is valued at the oldest
purchase price.
AVCO
Average cost
Inventory that is being issued is valued at an
average price. This means that the inventory left
in the stores is valued at the most recent
purchase price.
Average cost = Total cost of goods in stores /
number of items in stores
Manufacturing account
Manufacturing account format:
Opening inventory of raw materials.
Purchases of raw materials.
Closing inventory of raw materials.
Direct materials used.
Opening inventory of raw materials + Purchases of raw materials - Closing inventory of raw materials
Direct labour.
Direct cost.
Direct materials used + Direct labour
Manufacturing overheads.
Manufacturing cost.
Direct cost + Manufacturing overheads
Opening inventory of work in progress.
Closing inventory of work in progress.
Cost of goods manufactured.
Manufacturing cost + Opening inventory of work in progress - Closing inventory of work in progress
Opening inventory of finished goods.
Closing inventory of finished goods.
Cost of goods sold.
Cost of goods manufactured + Opening inventory of finished goods - Closing inventory of finished goods