Direct Quotation (No change in the
way in the way the idea is
expressed)
In APA, you must
state the name of the
author, date of
publication and the
page number of the
direct quotation.
Example: Wilkins(1972) summarizes
the situation best with "While without
grammar....can be conveyed" (p. 111)
Paraphrasing
State
Name of the author,
date of publication,
and page numbers
Also
use the preposition
according to + the
name of the journal
or the name of the
author.
-Example: Eskey(1988) found that not being
able to recognize the meaning...process of
reading (pp. 27-28)
When using
other people's
ideas, put the
exact words as
a direct
quotation.
Key words to introduce a Direct Quotation
According to + the
name of the journal
or the name of the
author
Summarizing
When summarize, you do
not include all of the
information from the
source, you only use the
parts that are most
important. (The main ideas)
Remember
summaries do not
contain any of
your original
ideas
Synthesizing
A synthesis is a combination of
information from two or more sources.
When you sunthesize, you take
information from differetn sources and
blend them smoothly into your
paragraph
Some information from source A
Some information from source B
Original writing with
information from Source A and
Source B