The Technology of Conversation

Language Regulators
1. "gut-feeling" when appropriate interaction is occuring
2. interpreters make adjustments: become director of interaction by employing certain strategies and by making decisions about which rules to follow
  1. which person gets to speak when 2 people start talking at same time
  2. how people are interrupted
  3. how people keep control of their turn of talk
Turn-Taking
1. use mechanisms to control flow: help listener know when speaker is at beginning, middle, or end and help them know when to start talking
  1. ASL Users
    1. maintain their turn when stopping to gather their thoughts by dropping their eye gaze, keeping their hands up, or holding the last sign frozen
  2. English Users
    1. will not understand pauses that are due to processing time & are not use to using an interpreter, so they will be uncomfortable during silence
  3. Interpreters should use English fillers like "hmm" or "well" in order to maintain Deaf consumer's position as a speaker
    1. respond too quick: not interested in what other said than your own reply
    2. respond too slowly: lack of understanding, disinterest, or disagreement
Claiming a Turn of Talk
1. English Speaker
  1. indicate by "uh huh", "right", or repeating the word "OK" more often than before
2. ASL Users
  1. indicates by increasing head nodding (size & frequency), raising the palm, changing from a rest position to pointing/touching/waving the hand, switching eye gaze/posture, or interrupting & repeating the 1st few signs
    1. interpreter must give auditory ques
Ending a Turn of Talk
1. ASL Users
  1. indicate by returning to direct eye gaze & returning their hands to a rest position
    1. might decrease signing speed or index the reciever
2. English Speaker
  1. indicate by lowering their voice, saying the word "OK", or leaving a long pause (allows other person to become speaker
Two Types of Conversational Regulators
1. Markers
  1. words speaker uses to signal what he/she plans to do during turn of talk
    1. require long turn must follow steps
      1. 1. Inform- ASL users will hold up finger or wave hand
      2. 2. Use Marker: English user will use listing methods (ie "1st of all"), ASL users will list of non-dominant
      3. 3. Foreshadow: Question or Command.
    2. Interpret marker and the recipient will know to wait
      1. ASL example of marker: CURIOUS
2. Continuers
  1. non-verbal indicators used by recipients to let speaker know they want the speaker to continue
    1. English Users
      1. "uh huh", "mm hmmm", "yeah", "I see", etc
    2. ASL Users
      1. raised eyebrows, head nods, MMM facial expression, or signs: "OH-I-SEE", "UNDERSTAND", etc.
        aka feedback or back-channeling signals
    3. must vocalize to ensure that English speaker feels that the Deaf recipient is involved
      1. Not difficult, occasionally verbalize continuers while signing
        Alyssa Fletcher 11/7/16 Chapter 8
  2. Purpose
    1. paying attention
    2. wanting speaker to continue
    3. understanding/ agreeing what is being said

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The Technology of Conversation

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	Created by Alyssa Fletcher about 8 years ago