Teaching, Learning and Development

1. Teacher
2. Student
3. Topic
4. Setting

1. Top - down approach
2. 1)Educational purpose 2)Learning Experiences 3)Evaluation

1. Student centered approach -Teacher consciously takes into consideration the students perspectives when planning lessons
2. Constructivism -Students actively construct their own knowledge and teacher adapts an appropriate approach

   Annotations:

   • This relates back to the video that we viewed called "Putting students in the drivers seat" . What I understood from this video is that students are able to find out information on their own so it does not make sense anymore to just hand them information. The teacher should act as a guide so that they can make connections and actually apply that knowledge. Schools should not be preparing students to work in factories anymore. We live in an innovative world and students should be able to think in that specific way.

1. Fixed mindset -Believing that intelligence is something that you are born with and that you cannot change it.
2. Growth Mindset - Believing that intelligence can be developed. Focus on learning and belief that effort will drive success.
   1. Students with a growth mindset do better in school

Annotations:

• Allow children to think big without shutting them down. Specifically in areas such as science. In elementary school children are very curious but as they go to high school this curiosity has been abolished. 

1. Four stages of cognitive development

1. Scaffolding -Zone of proximal development

   Annotations:

   • Students learn best at the zone of proximal development. They will not have effective learning above or below this point. 

1. Self efficacy
2. Self esteem

Annotations:

• Rita Pierson talks about being somebodies champion 

1. Build community
2. Include students in creating rules and consequences
3. Variety of communication channels
4. Get to know the students
5. Address conflict quickly and wisely
6. Integrate positive classroom rituals
7. Partner with parents
8. DCM
   1. Positive behaviour support
   2. Implementing negative consequences for misbehaviours is simply a matter of what was agreed upon

1. Innovative learning environment -engaging and collaborative environment
2. Encouraging technology use
3. Differentiated Instruction

1. Inspires innovators not followers

1. Phonological loop
2. Visio-spatial sketch pad

1. Backwards design
2. Reliable
3. Valid

1. Diagnostic assessment -Before instruction to see where the class is at
2. Formative assessment -Takes place during instruction, where the teacher gives the student constructive feedback on how they are doing
3. Summative assessment -Takes place after instruction, indicates how well the students have learned the material. An overall grade is given

1. Selected response -options are provided
   1. True/false
   2. Matching
   3. Multiple choice
2. Constructed response -require students to think
   1. Short answer
   2. Essay

1. Linguistic
2. Logical-mathematical
3. Spatial
4. Bodily-kinesthetic
5. Musical
6. Interpersonal
7. Intrapersonal
8. Naturalistic

1. Individualized Education Plans (IEP)
2. High incidence exceptionalities -typically include learning and behavioural disabilities, giftedness and intellectual disabilities
3. Low incidence exceptionalities -autism, hearing and visual impairments, multiple disabilities

1. High expectations
2. Implementation of culturally relevant instruction
   1. Cooperative learning
   2. Cognitively guided instruction
   3. Capitalize on the funds of knowledge in families in the community
3. Establishment of caring relationships
4. Parent and community involvement

1. EQAO
2. Fair or not? -"May be good at examining school boards efficaciousness but does not correctly indicate how much a student has learned'"