709499
Alcohol
- -OH Functional Group
- Soluble due to -OH group forming
hydrogen bonds with water
- Hydrogen bonding
reduces volatility
(Higher Bp)
- Solubility decreases with
larger length chains. Long
Chains disrupt hydrogen
bonding between other
water molecules
- Hydrogen bonding
reduces volatility
(Higher Bp)
- CnH2n+1OH
- Ethanol C2H5OH
- Hydration of Ethene
- 100% Atom Economy
- Steam and Ethene
with phosphoric acid
catalyst
- 100% Atom Economy
- Fermentation of sugars
- Involving yeast
- Anaerobic respiration -
without oxygen
- Exothermic reaction
- Fermentation stops at
15% as the ethanol kills
yeast
- Distillation required to
increase the concentration
- Distillation required to
increase the concentration
- Involving yeast
- Hydration of Ethene
- Reactions With:
- Primary Alcohols
- Gentle Heating under
distillation. Acidified
dichromate [O]
- Aldehyde and water
- -CHO Group
- -CHO Group
- Rotting apples odour
- Aldehyde and water
- Strong heating under
reflux. Excess 2[O] acidified
dichromate.
- Carboxylic Acid and Water
- -COOH Group
- -COOH Group
- Vinegar Odour
- Turns Litmus paper red
- Carboxylic Acid and Water
- Gentle Heating under
distillation. Acidified
dichromate [O]
- Secondary Alcohols
- Reflux with excess 2[O]
acidified dichromate
- Ketone
- -COC- Group
- -COC- Group
- Fruity Odour
- Ketone
- Reflux with excess 2[O]
acidified dichromate
- Alcohol and Ethanoic acid
- Ester and water
- E.g. CH3CH2OOCCH3
- E.g. CH3CH2OOCCH3
- Fruity Smell
- Ester and water
- Colour change from
Orange to Green
- Primary Alcohols
- Tertiary Structures
cannot be oxidised
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