The Cold War and The USSR after Stalin

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A-Levels Cold War (Post-Stalin Thaw) Mind Map on The Cold War and The USSR after Stalin, created by jacksearle on 10/04/2014.
jacksearle
Mind Map by jacksearle, updated more than 1 year ago
jacksearle
Created by jacksearle over 10 years ago
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Resource summary

The Cold War and The USSR after Stalin
  1. The Death of Stalin, March 1953
    1. By 1953, Stalin had imposed his system of control across the satellite states of East Europe
      1. This was part of consolidation Soviet domination and consolidating the USSR's position in the Cold War
      2. However, on the international stage, Stalin's final years were marked by a number of foreign policy failures, including:
        1. Berlin Blockade 1948-1949
          1. formation of NATO 1949
            1. Yugoslavia's defection from COMINFORM
            2. Stalin's death provided the new Soviet leadership with the change to pursue more constructive domestic and foreign policies
              1. Also raised the possibility of a new superpower relationship and a relaxation of Cold War tensions.
            3. De-Stalinisation
              1. De-Stalinisation is the process, begun by the Soviet leader ship in 1953, of moving away from Stalin's policies
                1. Following Stalin's death, The politburo endorsed the collective leadership of Malenkov, Molotov, Bulganin and Khrushchev to prevent another period of one man rule
                  1. 1953-1955 the collective leadership attempted to reform the Stalinist Soviet system by:
                    1. ending 'personality cult' politics
                      1. Reforming the Secret Police (renamed the KGB)
                        1. Arresting and executing Beria (1953) the feared head of the secret police - the other leaders were worried that he wanted to be Stalin's hard-line successor
                          1. Following a 'new course' in economic policy - placed greater emphasis on the production of consumer goods
                      2. Khrushchev's Secret Speech 1956
                        1. 20th Party Conference Feb 1956, witnessed the high point of Destalinisation
                          1. At a closed session of the gathering, K denounced Stalin's reign of terror in a 'secret' speech which lasted for 6 hours.
                            1. Stalin was attacked for
                              1. Promoting a cult of personality
                                1. Using purges and persecution to consolidate his personal rule
                                  1. reducing the Comm party to a compliant body, which endorsed his absolute control
                              2. Impact
                                1. US - regarded as a sign that real change was taking place in the USSR.
                                  1. Among the people of the satellite states - created an expectation of reform
                                    1. De-Stalinisation had the potential to affect the USSR's foreign policy and was therefore significant for the development of the Cold War
                                    2. Khrushchev's secret speech was not intended to remain secret
                                      1. Copies of text were offered to Soviet officials and foreign Communist parties.
                                        1. CIA also quickly obtained a printed version of the speech.
                                          1. Published in Western press in June 1956.
                                            1. Although heavily critical of Stalin, K did not condemn
                                              1. The one-party state
                                                1. The centralised economic system
                                                  1. The collectivisation of Agriculture
                                                    1. The existence of the secret police
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