Convinced that none of the
witches he'd led to the stake
were guilty
Couldn't utter his thoughts as he feared suffering the
same fate
Wrote the book, Cautio Criminalis,
condemning the activities in Würzburg
Printed anonymously in the
Protestant city of Hamchin in
1631
Considerable effect in halting witchcraft
persecution in many parts of Germany
Social and Economic
Victims came from all sections of
society, regardless of age, profession
and gender
Levack - 'At Würzburg in 1629 the chain of
accusations led to the naming of numerous
children, law students, clerics and eventually the
bishop's chancellor and the bishop himself.'
Of the 160 witches executed in Würzburg
between 1627 and 1629 around a quarter were
children
At one point, children accounted
for around 60 per cent of the
victims
The children were all charged and punished towards the end
of the Würzburg witch-hunt
Pressure for the persecution of
witches from below was likely
to be considerable in times of
dearth
The bishopric froze over, as did the grain fields. Everything froze over,
causing great inflation.
The pressure from below questioned why the
authority delayed punishing witches for
spoiling crops
Responses of Authority
Prince-Bishop Philipp
Adolf von Ehrenberg
(reigned 1623-31)
1626-1631,
around 900
were executed
1631, Philipp
Adolf died
Würzburg was taken by King
Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden in
1631
Witch trials came to and end
The bishop was
instrumental in bringing
the hunt to an end
Political
Those burnt included nobels and
mayors, Ehrenburg's own nephew, 19
Catholic priests and children of seven
who were said to have intercourse
with demons