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8056479
Coronary Artery Disease
Description
Mind Map on Coronary Artery Disease, created by Sadaf Popal on 11/03/2017.
Mind Map by
Sadaf Popal
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
Sadaf Popal
over 7 years ago
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Resource summary
Coronary Artery Disease
Diagnosis
due to less blood supply heart can't get the Oxygen or blood it requires
Due to build up of cholestrol and fatty deposits called plaque
Arteries that supply blood to heart muscle become weakened and narrowed
build up is called Atherosclerosis
Leads to Angina and Heart failure
Electrocardiogram
Detects Heart rate/rythm/strengh
Stress Test
Exercise makes your
Echocardiography
uses sound waves to make a moving picture of heart
MRI
Detailed picture of heart
Blood Test
Checks levels of fat, cholestrol, sugar and protein
Diagnostic studies
Non-modifiable Risk factors
Angoigram
a cathetar is passed into an artery in groin & guided into the cornoary artereis using X-rays. A dye is injected into the catheter
Complication
Psychological complications
Depression
Anxiety
Inability to tolerate stress
chest pain
Arrhythmia
Ruptured plaque formation leading to blood clots
fatigue
Heart Failure
Myocardial Infarction
Stenonsis
Total occulusion
Cerebral Vascular accident
Refractory Angina ( unaffected by medications, angioplasty,or CABG)
Assessment
Symptoms
Angina
Heart Attack
Heart failure
Arrhythmia
Fatigue
Shortness of breath
Sweating & dizziness
Some people have no signs called silent CAD
Risk factors
High cholestrol
Obesity
Smoking
Diabetes
Lack of physical activity
High LDL and low HDL
family history
Treatment
Exercise
Regular physical activity + diet can prevent quarter of CAD
Maintain a healthy weight
BMI < 25
Moderate intensity aerobic excercise for 2 hours and 30 minutes per week
Weight loss lowers BP, decreases LDL and increases HDL
Drug Therapy
Anticoguants
Aspirin
Warfarin
Beta-blockers
Metaprolol
Lowers BP
Ca channel blocker
Amlodipine
Dilates Coronary artries
Nutritional therapy
Heart healthy eating
Avoid trans and saturated fat
Limit Alcohol intake
Raises BP & tryglycerides levels which leads to weight gain
Women < 1 drink
Men < 2 drinks
Quit smoking
Harms blood cells
Damages structure of heart and blood vessels
Managing stress
Surgical treatment
PCI (Angioplasty)
Non-surgical procedure
opens blocked Coronary artries
A tube with a ballon on the end is threaded through a blood vessel to the blocked artery
ballon compresses the plaque against wall of the artery
Coronary artery bypass grafting
A healthy vein or artery from the body is connected to the blocked artery
grafted artery bypasses the blocked artery
creates new path for oxygen rich blood to enter the heart
Cardiac Rehab
Medically supervised program that helps improve the well-being of heart patients
Doctors
Nurses
Exercise specialist
PT and OT
Dietician
Nutritionist
Doctors prescribe rehab after Angioplasty or heart attack
there is two types of Rehab
Education & counciling
Help client understand heart condition
how to adjust to new life style
Exercise training
Helps clients to exercise safely
Improves stamina
Care plan
Development of CAD
Injury to epithelium
Local Inflammatory response
C-reactive protein level rise
Unstable plaque formation
LDL oxidation
LDL enters through endothelium lesion
Phagocytosis of LDLs via macrophages
Foam cell formation
Fatty streak
Thickening of arterial wall
platelet formation and LDL
smooth muscle proliferation
Collagen covers the fatty streaks
Fibrous cap (plaque)
Inflammation
Plaque rupture
Thrombus formation
Further narrowing artery
Total occulasion
Complicated lesion
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