83066
Description
Mind Map by WhisperedWishes, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by WhisperedWishes
almost 12 years ago
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Births
- The birth rate is the number
of live births per 1000 of the
population per year.
- For example, the birth rate in the
UK is 12.27 per 1000 people.
- For example, the birth rate in the
UK is 12.27 per 1000 people.
- The total fertility rate
is the average number
of children a woman
will have during her
fertile years.
- For example the TFR in the UK
is 1.91 children per woman.
- For example the TFR in the UK
is 1.91 children per woman.
- The infant mortality rate
measures the number of
infants who die before their
first birthday, per 1000 born.
- For example the IMR in
the UK is 4.56 deaths for
every 1000 live births.
- However the IMR
in Iran is 41.11.
- For example the IMR in
the UK is 4.56 deaths for
every 1000 live births.
- Reasons for the
decline in the birth
rate...
- Changes in the
position of women.
- Legal equality with
men, including the
right to vote.
- More women in
paid employment.
- Laws against
unequal pay and
sex discrimination.
- Laws against
unequal pay and
sex discrimination.
- Changes in attitudes
to family life and
women's role.
- Easier access
to divorce.
- Access to abortion and
reliable contraception.
- Women have
more control
over their fertility.
- Women have
more control
over their fertility.
- Legal equality with
men, including the
right to vote.
- Decline in
the infant
mortality
rate.
- With a decline in the IMR, more of a
couple's initial children will live, so they
won't need to have more to 'replace' them.
- Reasons for the
decline in IMR...
- Improved housing
and better sanitation.
- NHS
- Better nutrition
and food.
- Better knowledge and
awareness of hygiene.
- Improved services
for mothers.
- Improved housing
and better sanitation.
- With a decline in the IMR, more of a
couple's initial children will live, so they
won't need to have more to 'replace' them.
- Children have
become an
economic liability.
- There are laws
banning child labour,
introducing compulsory
schooling and raising
the school leaving age.
- These mean
that children
remain
economically
dependent
for longer.
- These mean
that children
remain
economically
dependent
for longer.
- There are changing
norms about what
children have a right to
expect from their parents.
- The cost of bringing
up children has risen.
- The cost of bringing
up children has risen.
- There are laws
banning child labour,
introducing compulsory
schooling and raising
the school leaving age.
- Child
centredness.
- Childhood is socially
constructed.
- Shift from 'quantity' to
'quality'. Parents now
have fewer children and
lavish more attention and
resources on these few.
- Childhood is socially
constructed.
- Changes in the
position of women.
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