strengths and
weaknesses of the
position of women by
1865
experience of public life in temperance campaigns
these campaigns of abolition and temperance were often linked to women's roles in
church organisations, education and charities. women were often effective
campaigners for social improvement, and this led them into more political roles.
participation in war work
the civil war had important effects on women, both sides relied
on their home fronts to support the troops by running farms and
plantations and working in some factories. women found
themselves taking charge of the households in the absence of
men. women raised funds and tended to the wounded.
limited birth control
women suffered from having limited birth
control, in 1865, families remained large and
there was limited use of contraception which
left women with heavy childcare
responsibilities.
beginnings of the campaign for women to
have the vote
one major turning point for women was the first convention to
discuss female suffrage in seneca falls in 1848. it was organised by
a handful of women who were active in the abolition and
temperance movements, the convention was intended to call
attention to the unfair treatment of women.
male attitudes
most men did not support a greater political role or
social equality for women.
some famous women
there were some energetic, pioneering individuals, like elizabeth cady stanton (suffragist,
social activist, abolitionist and leading figure in the early women's rights movement) and
lucretia mott (her speaking abilities made her an important abolitionist, feminist and
reformer). these women were prepared to organise and lead women's rights groups.
limited job opportunities
there were very few opportunities for women in professional work outside
teaching, nursing, and to some extent, the performing arts.
many roles limited to traditional female
concerns
when women worked it was often in lower-paid, casual
employment, domestic service, or in unskilled and poorly
rewarded manufacturing jobs. where they worked alongside men
in farms they were expected to bear the burden of domestic
chores as well as helping with agricultural work.