8559512
Description
Mind Map by Hannah Atkinson, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Hannah Atkinson
over 7 years ago
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Comparison of Approaches
- Determinism
- Behaviourist
- external forces in the
environment
(environmental
determinsism)
- consequences of behaviour
(reinforcement) determine
the likelihood of repeating it
- external forces in the
environment
(environmental
determinsism)
- Social Learning
- observations
of
models
- experience
determines our
vicarious learning,
but free will allows us
to choose when to
apply what we have
learnt
- observations
of
models
- Cognitve
- thought
processes
determine our
behaviour
- have some
degree of
control
- thought
processes
determine our
behaviour
- Biological
- physiological &
genetic factors
determine our
behaviour
- we have
no control
- physiological &
genetic factors
determine our
behaviour
- Psychodynamic
- unconscious factors,
largely unknown to
us & beyond our
control
- unconscious factors,
largely unknown to
us & beyond our
control
- Humanistic
- free will
- no outside forces our
biological predispositions
- free will
- Behaviourist
- Nature & Nurture
- Behaviourist
- nuture
- behaviour is a consequence of
our interactions with our
environment
- nuture
- Social Learning
- primarily nurture
- but capacity to learn through
observation has adaptive value
therefore innate (nature)
- primarily nurture
- Cogntive
- nature & nurture
- we all share
innate cognitive
processes (nature)
- but can develop
irrational thoughts &
beliefs as a result of
experience (nurture)
- nature & nurture
- Biological
- primarily
nature
- neural &
endocrine
systems are
innate
- experiences
may modify
these systems
(nurture)
- primarily
nature
- Psychodynamic
- unconscious
drives & ego
conflicts
(nature)
- the way we deal with
them, which depends
on our upbringing
(nurture)
- unconscious
drives & ego
conflicts
(nature)
- Humanistic
- drive to
self
actualise
(nature)
- conditions of worth
(nurture)
- drive to
self
actualise
(nature)
- Behaviourist
- Psychology as a science
- Behaviourist
- yes
- highly objective &
experimentally
based approach
- allows for accurate
measurement &
replication
- yes
- Social Learning
- yes
- investigations follow
experimental
patterns
- allows
inferences
about cause &
effect
- yes
- Cognitive
- yes
to a
degree
- as most
propositions can
be tested
- as most
propositions can
be tested
- but mental processes cannot be
directly observed so models are based
on a lot of inference
- yes
to a
degree
- Biological
- yes
- factors like
neurotransmitters can be
studied experimentally
- yes
- Psychodynamic
- yes & no
- largely depends on case studies
& subjective interpretation
- yes & no
- Humanistic
- mainly no
- argues scientific research
methods are unsuitable for
studying complex human
experiences
- mainly no
- Behaviourist
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