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8573067
Joints
Description
Biology Mind Map on Joints, created by Rosa Angiola on 18/04/2017.
No tags specified
articolazioni
biology
Mind Map by
Rosa Angiola
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
Rosa Angiola
over 7 years ago
18
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Resource summary
Joints
Based on degree of movement
Fixed
Annotations:
little movement
Contiguous due to the absence of space between articulating bones
Based on the interposed tissue
FIBROUS JOINTS
Annotations:
Made of fibrous connective tissue
SUTURES
restricted to the skull
they ossify during growth
SYNOSTOSES
bony fusion
The margins of the two bones can be
Interlocking along a wavy line
overlapping on a strainght line
GOMPHOSIS
connect
through periodontal ligaments
tooth root
mandibular or maxillary tooth socket
SYNDESMOSIS
Annotations:
truly fibrous connection
higher percentage of fibrous connective tissue
through which
create an interosseous ligament or fibrous membrane
example
between radial and ulnar shafts
CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS
SYNCHONDROSES
Annotations:
or Primary Cartilaginous joints
hyaline cartilage between advancing centres of ossification
with aging, tend to become
SYNOSTOSES
SYMPHYSES
Annotations:
or Secondary Cartilaginous joints
Found on the body midline
Intervertebral symphysis
pubic symphysis
mandibular symphysis
manubriosternal symphysis
Defined by the presence of an intervening pad or disc of fibrocartilage
withstand stresses
mobile
the two articular surfaces are separated by
a space = synovial cavity
structure
articular cartilage
similar to hyaline cartilage
but
devoid of perichondrium
fibrous capsule
internally lined by
synovial membrane
secretes
synovial liquid
allows
sliding between articular ends
by decreasing friction
lubrificates
nurishes chondrocytes
is
transudate of blood plasma
pH 7-8
clear or pale yellow, viscous and slightly alkaline
contains
electrolytes
hyaluronan
determinant of the viscoelastic properties
glycoproteins
composed of
subintimal layer
mainly loose connective tissue
intimal layer
highly cellular layer
SYNOVIOCYTES
Type A = Macrophages
Type B = secrete synovial fluid
formed by
bundles of parallel fibres of collagen type I
delineates the
synovial cavity
filled with
liquido sinoviale
legamenti articolari
assicurano
contatti tra le superfici articolari
evitano
movimeti sbagliati
possono trovarsi
interno cavità sinoviale (intralegamenti)
esterno capsula articolare (extralegamenti)
servono a
rendere complementari i due capi articolari
adattandosi
se superfici dono
incongruenti
dispositivi diartrodiali
dischi
intervertebrali
fibro-cartilagineo
tra
ramo mandibola
osso temporale
tra
clavicola
sterno
menischi
sono
semi-anelli di cartilagine
ginocchio
congruenti
un capo convesso, l'altro concavo
classification according to their shape
a superfice piana
ARTRODIE
movimenti di scivolamento tra due assi
scivolamento
vertebre
ossa carpali
a superficie curva
ENARTROSI O SFERARTROSI
corpi articolari
sfera concava
sfera convessa
articolazione scapolo omerale
la più mobile e instabile
articolazione coxo-femorale
movimenti angolari su tutti i piani
CONDILARTOSI
corpi articolari
1 condilo ellissoidale pieno
1 corpo vuoto
se nell'osso c è un condilo
articolazione
carpo-radiale
temporo-mandibolare
GINGLIMO
LATERALE
trocoide
movimento sul piano trasversale
asse cilindro parallelo all'asse maggiore dell'osso
articolazione
atlo assiale
radioulnare
ANGOLARE
troclea
movimento sul piano sagittale
articolazione omero-ulnare (gomito)
asse maggiore osso perpendicolare ad asse dell'osso con cui forma l'articolazione
permette
estensione e flessione
corpi articolari
1 cilindro cavo
1 cilindro pieno
ARTICOLAZIONE A SELLA
condilartosi modificata
solo tra
trapezio(carpale)
osso metacarpale del pollice
movimento opposizione del pollice
a volte
articolazione tra sterno e clavicola considerata a sella
tipo e ampiezza movimenti
dipendono da
forma e grandezza capi articolari
lassità capsula articolare
resistenza legamenti
potenza muscoli
dispositivi anatomici in grado di mettere in reciproco contatto due o più capi ossei
BORSE SINOVIALI
tra
tendine-muscolo
tendine-cute
servono
ridurre attrito
scorrimento
protezione
sono
sacche ripiene di liquido sinoviale
GUAINE SINOVIALI
sottili membrane che avvolgono i tendini
Media attachments
Sinfisi Tra I Corpi Vertebrali (image/png)
Sinfisi Pubica (image/png)
Sutura Armonica (image/png)
Sutura Dentata (image/png)
Gonfosi (image/png)
Articolazione Sacro Iliaca (image/png)
A Sella (image/png)
Enartrosi (image/png)
Condilartosi4 (image/png)
Ginglimo Laterale (image/png)
Ginglimo Ang (image/png)
Artrodie (image/png)
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