Over a short period of time, countries all over
Europe made Mutual Defence Alliances that would
effectively pull them into battle. These treaties
stated that if one country in the alliance was
attacked, then the other countries would defend
them. This caused inter-global tension.
Imperialism
Imperialism is when a country increases their power and
wealth by bringing additional territories under their control.
Before World War I, Africa and parts of Asia were points of
contention among the European countries. This was
especially true because of the raw materials these areas
could provide. The increasing competition and desire for
greater empires led to an increase in confrontation that
helped push the world into World War I.
Militarism
As the world entered the 20th century, an arms race had begun. By 1914, Germany
had the greatest increase in military buildup. Great Britain and Germany both
greatly increased their navies in this time period. Further, in Germany and Russia
particularly, the military establishment began to have a greater influence on public
policy. This increase in militarism helped push the countries involved into war.
Nationalism
Much of the origin of the war was based on the desire of
the Slavic peoples in Bosnia and Herzegovina to no longer
be part of Austria Hungary but instead be part of Serbia.
In this way, nationalism led directly to the War. But in a
more general way, the nationalism of the various
countries throughout Europe contributed not only to the
beginning but the extension of the war in Europe. Each
country tried to prove their dominance and power.
Immediate Cause: Assassination of
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
The immediate cause of World War I that made the aforementioned items
come into play (alliances, imperialism, militarism, nationalism) was the
assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary. In June 1914,
a Serbian-nationalist terrorist group called the Black Hand sent groups to
assassinate the Archduke. Their first attempt failed when a driver avoided a
grenade thrown at their car.