8809485
Muhammad's spleen is
palpable
- causes of leukocytosis
- Neoplastic
- Histiocytic
Neoplasms
- Lymphoid Neoplasms
- Hodgkin's lymphoma
- Non Hodgkin's lymphoma
- multiple myeloma
- WBC (lymphocyte) proliferations leading to
discrete tissue masses in lymphoid organs
-lymphoma
- Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/ Lymphoma
- 0-14 years
- composed of pre-B or pre-T lymphoblasts
- abrupt onset
- blood film showing blasts
- immunophenotyping= +Tdt and +Pas
- 0-14 years
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
- age=60+
- proliferation of neoplastic lymphoid cells (B cells)
- C/P=hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy
- absolute lymphocytosis-hypogammaglobulinemia
- IHC=CD5+
- IHC=CD5+
- age=60+
- Hodgkin's lymphoma
- Myeloid Neoplasms
- Acute Myeloid Leukemia
- 15-60 years of age
- Abrupt Onset
- C/P=Pancytopenia
- Immunophenotype= CD13+ & MPO+
- >20% blast cells in BM and blood
- Immunophenotype= CD13+ & MPO+
- may present as discrete tissue masses-chloroma
- FAB classification
- M3=RARA t(15:17)
- treatment=ATRA
- can present as DIC
- treatment=ATRA
- M3=RARA t(15:17)
- 15-60 years of age
- Chronic Myeloproliferative Disorder
- hyper proliferation of neoplastic myeloid progenitor cells
while retaining capacity for terminal differentiation
- JAK mutation
- polycythemia
vera
- primary
myelofibrosis
- Essential
thrombocythemia
- polycythemia
vera
- Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
- Etiology
- more than 95% of patients with Philadelphia chromosome
- increase activity of tyrosine kinase due to
formation of BCR-ABL complex
- escape from apoptosis
- less dependant on GF
- activation of RAS
- activation of RAS
- less dependant on GF
- Treatment=tyrosine
kinase
inhibitor
- Imatinib
- Imatinib
- escape from apoptosis
- increase activity of tyrosine kinase due to
formation of BCR-ABL complex
- more than 95% of patients with Philadelphia chromosome
- Annual incidence= 1 to 2 cases per
100,00
- abrupt onset
of
pancytopenia
- 40-60
years
- stages
- Investigations
- CBC
- Blood film
- Genetic tests
- FISH
- PCR
- FISH
- CBC
- Etiology
- JAK mutation
- hyper proliferation of neoplastic myeloid progenitor cells
while retaining capacity for terminal differentiation
- Acute Myeloid Leukemia
- Histiocytic
Neoplasms
- Reactive
- Neutrophilia
- bacterial infections
- corticosteroids
- MI
- bacterial infections
- Lymphocytosis
- viral infections
- phenytoin
- viral infections
- Eosinophilia
- Type 1 hypersensitivity
- helminthic infection
- Type 1 hypersensitivity
- Monocytosis
- Chronic infection
- Autoimmune disease
- Malignancy
- Chronic infection
- Leukemoid Reaction
- excessive leukocytosis
- 15-100,00/mm3
- 15-100,00/mm3
- elevated NAP
- toxic granulations
& doehle bodies
- excessive leukocytosis
- Neutrophilia
- Neoplastic
- Hematological History Taking
- Anemia symptoms
- Fatigue, weakness
- dyspnea
- palpatations
- dizziness
- splenomegaly
- feeling of fullness
- feeling of fullness
- Fatigue, weakness
- WBC symptoms
- infections
- LN swelling
- B symptoms
- weight loss
- fever
- night sweats
- weight loss
- infections
- platelet symptoms
- rashes
- ecchymosis
- easy bruising
- gum/nose bleeding
- rashes
- Past medical/surgical history
- transfusions
- GI surgery
- Drugs
- NSAID
- corticosteroids
- warfarin
- NSAID
- transfusions
- Haematological Physical RExamination
- Inspection
- hand
- nail changes
- pale palmar creases
- nail changes
- forearm
- scratch marks
- joint swelling
- scratch marks
- eyes
- pallor
- jaundice
- pallor
- mouth
- angular stomatitis
- gum hypertrophy
- angular stomatitis
- hand
- Palpation
- of Lymph nodes
- Cervical
- Axillary
- Inguinal
- epitrochlear
- Cervical
- of Lymph nodes
- Inspection
- Anemia symptoms
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