Student centered and
teacher facilitated
approach. Teacher's role is
to provide content for
authentic communication.
Early
Methods
Suggestopedia -
language taught with an
emphasis on the
learner's personality and
motivation * create a
relaxing stress free
environment that would
enhance language
acquisition * music in
the background *
students would read
text in their L1 * teacher
would present same
material in their L2 *
visual aids used to
support meaning *
students would use
conversation, retelling,
and role playing to
derive meaning.
Natural Way - first, teacher
created meaningful
communication * then,
teacher communicated
information in targeted
language in a simplified
manner * language learners
built comprehension skills
before prompted to build
language * Accepted
student's
Silent Way - Learners were
given a simple linguistic
situation to observe and
describe the actions in
target language * L1 was
not to be used * Teacher
only emphasized word
pronunciation and word
flow * learner developed
their own criteria for
listening, speaking, and
correction
Contemporary
Methods
Integrated Content
Based (ICB) * teaches
academic subject
matter and second
acquisition skills * based
directly on student's
academic and linguistic
needs * teams of
educators often develop
themed units that
emphasis content and
language objectives
across the curriculum
Sheltered Instruction Method
* integrate content and
language in the same lesson
* content objectives are
aligned with the local, state,
or national standards*
Language objectives are
linked to TESOL standards
and students's L2 proficiency
* students receive grade level
content but teacher scaffolds
instruction to provide
comprehensible input
Research and theory based
instruction that focuses on
learning language through and
for communication
Language
learners use
language to
communicate for
a purpose
Language development occurs
when the learner receives
comprehensible input and creates
their own understanding in a low
anxiety environment