9390789
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Mind Map by George Patient, updated more than 1 year ago
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INFO3 - Topic 2 -
Information and
Systems
- Information
needs in
organisations
- Different
organisations
have different
information
needs
- commercial
organisations:
- good or services bought and sold to
make a profit. Examples of commercial
companies incluse retailers,
wholesalers, banks, insurance
companies etc.
- Mainly driven by the need to make
profit
- good or services bought and sold to
make a profit. Examples of commercial
companies incluse retailers,
wholesalers, banks, insurance
companies etc.
- Industrial
organisations:
- to manufacture products products or
process raw materials or be involved
in construction. The main thing here
is that theyall produce a product or
material that can be sold to make a
profit
- examples of industrial companies are
car manufacturers, house builders,
chemical manuifacturers and
quarries
- to manufacture products products or
process raw materials or be involved
in construction. The main thing here
is that theyall produce a product or
material that can be sold to make a
profit
- Public service
organisations:
- To provide goods and services from public
funds. Producing a profit is not an aim of
these companies although in some cases
taxes are colected which are then used for
purposes such as building roads, schools,
hospitals etc.
- examples of these organisations are
HMRC, hospitals, schools, police service,
armed forces, etc.
- To provide goods and services from public
funds. Producing a profit is not an aim of
these companies although in some cases
taxes are colected which are then used for
purposes such as building roads, schools,
hospitals etc.
- commercial
organisations:
- The scale of
organisations
- small
- generally informal
structures
- Usually confined to a single
site
- between 1-50
employeed
- generally informal
structures
- medium
- between 50-500
employees
- Uses informal
structure
- Uses WANs and
LANs
- between 50-500
employees
- large
- 500 or more
employees
- can involve lots of seperate
companies/organisations
- examples include banks, car
manufacturers, large retail
retail multiples, etc
- 500 or more
employees
- Nature and management
style
- autocratic
- clear authority, all decisions are made by senior managers, very little
decision making is made lower down + workers are always told what to do
=> they do not work on their own initiative. information tends to flow from
the top of the company downwards BUT staff are demotivated as they don't
feel involved in the organisation
- clear authority, all decisions are made by senior managers, very little
decision making is made lower down + workers are always told what to do
=> they do not work on their own initiative. information tends to flow from
the top of the company downwards BUT staff are demotivated as they don't
feel involved in the organisation
- paternalistic
- senior managers have the authority
but decisions tend to be made in the
employees interests rather than the
businesses interests.
Managementtend to explain their
decisions to emplyees
- senior managers have the authority
but decisions tend to be made in the
employees interests rather than the
businesses interests.
Managementtend to explain their
decisions to emplyees
- democratic
- employees take part in the
decision making process so that
nobody can complain if the
decisions are bad. This is helpful
as different people in the
organisationf will see the project
from a different perspective BUT
this means the process will be
slowed down
- employees take part in the
decision making process so that
nobody can complain if the
decisions are bad. This is helpful
as different people in the
organisationf will see the project
from a different perspective BUT
this means the process will be
slowed down
- laissez-faire
- least formal and staff are expected to manage their
own areas, ALL staff are at the same level, this is good
for partnership organisations such as solicitors and
lawyers as there is very little communication between
staff
- least formal and staff are expected to manage their
own areas, ALL staff are at the same level, this is good
for partnership organisations such as solicitors and
lawyers as there is very little communication between
staff
- autocratic
- small
- Different
organisations
have different
information
needs
- The information needs of different levels
of tasks
- strategic
- strategic tasks are completed by staff at the top of the
company or organisation (ie managers and chief
executives). these tasks would include making decision
on the overall direction of the company
- examples of strategic tasks would be: decisions regarding
expansion into new markets, decisions about the introduction
of new products and services
- strategic tasks are completed by staff at the top of the
company or organisation (ie managers and chief
executives). these tasks would include making decision
on the overall direction of the company
- tactical
- completed by managers and they look at how to achieve
the objectives that the directors and chief executives set.
they also make decisions using operational information
(for example, if a product is not seeling well they need to
decide what to do with it
- completed by managers and they look at how to achieve
the objectives that the directors and chief executives set.
they also make decisions using operational information
(for example, if a product is not seeling well they need to
decide what to do with it
- operational
tasks
- routine day to day tasks that keep the business
functioning. The majority of operational tasks deal
with the transactions that take place when running
an organisation
- for example, operational tasks would include, paying
wages, ordering stock, paying for stock etc.
- routine day to day tasks that keep the business
functioning. The majority of operational tasks deal
with the transactions that take place when running
an organisation
- strategic
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