Phase 1: The middle class
received an academic
education for future careers,
while the working class had
elementary schooling in
basic skills and left school
early to work in factories.
Phase 3: The Education Reform
Act. Introduced marketisation.
Phase 2: The tripartite
system used the 11+ exam to
allocate pupils to secondary
school. This channelled
middle class students into
grammar schools and
working class into
non-academic education.
Phase 2.5: In 1965 the
comprehensive system was
introduced, replacing most grammar
and secondary modern, and having
schools based on catchment area.
However,
schools still put
their students
into streams,
keeping the
working class in
lower streams.