11341574
Descrição
FlashCards por Zita Wormuth, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por Zita Wormuth
mais de 6 anos atrás
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| Questão | Responda |
| What is a blastocyst? | A hallow ball of cells that surround a fluid filled cavity. The result of 6 day maturation of the zygote |
| What is the inner cell mass? | A group of about 30 stem cells that lie on one side of the cavity in a blastocyst. It will develop into an embryo |
| What is implantation? | Where the blastocyst implants into the wall of the uterus (endometrium) for nourishment |
| What is a totipotent stem cell? | A cell that has the ability to form the embryo and the membranes that nourish it |
| What is a pluripotent stem cell? | A stem cell that is not yet specialised |
| What is a multipotent stem cell? | Able to give rise to cells with a specific function like blood cells |
| What are the first 2 months of pregnancy referred to as? | The embryonic period |
| What is the name given to the developing individual after the 2nd month? | Foetus |
| What are the 3 primary germ layers of the inner cell mass? | 1. Ectoderm (outer) 2. Mesoderm (middle) 3. Endoderm (inner) |
| The endoderm gives rise to what parts of the embryo? | - Epithelium of alimentary canal & its glands - Epithelium of the urethra, and urinary & gall bladders - Epithelium of tonsils - Epithelium of vagina & its glands |
| The mesoderm gives rise to what parts of the embryo? | - Skeletal, smooth & cardiac muscles - Connective tissues - Lymphoid tissue - Dermis of skin - Epithelium of body & joint cavities + more |
| The ectoderm gives rise to what parts of the embryo? | - Hair, nails, glands of skin - Lens, cornea and eye muscles - Receptor cells of sense organs -Entire nervous system - Teeth enamel - Epithelium of mouth nostrils, anal canal + more |
| What are the four roles of the placenta which fall under these categories: Endocrine, excretory, immune, nutritional and respiratory | Endo: Secretion of pregnancy maintaining hormones Excrete: Transports waste from foetus to mother's blood Immune: Mother provides antibodies for immunity Nutrition: Provides nutrients to foetus Respiratory: O2 from mother to foetus and CO2 from foetus to mother |
| What are chorionic villi? | Projections which grow into the endometrium to collect blood from small gaps in the endometrium |
| How many umbilical arteries and veins are there? | 1 Umbilical vein 2 Umbilical arteries |
| Describe what happens to an embryo - foetus over 8 weeks | - 4mm long - Brain begins to form - 5th week arm & leg buds appear - 8th week recognisable human form - 3cm in length from head to buttox - weight 1kg - Toes and sex organs evident |
| There are 3 sources of stem cells, what are they? | 1. Umbilical blood and placenta 2. Embryonic: cultured from frozen embryos 3. Adult stem cells |
| What is therapeutic cloning? | A method of obtaining embryonic stem cells. A nucleus from patient's body is inserted into a donor's egg (which doesn't have a nucleus) |
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