1248550
Descrição
FlashCards por Nicole Bolo, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por Nicole Bolo
aproximadamente 10 anos atrás
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| Questão | Responda |
| 3 major functions of cell membrane | - permeability barrier, protein anchorage, energy conservation |
| 3 types of transport | - simple, group, ABC |
| type of transport w/c modifies the solute | Group Transport |
| 3 types of Simple Transport | - Uniport, Antiport, Symport |
| energy source in Simple Transport | pmf: proton motive force |
| energy source for Group Transport | PEP : Posphoenolpyruvate |
| energy source for ABC Transport | ATP : adenosine triphosphate |
| structures present in G+ which are absent in G- | Teichoic & Lipoteichoic Acids |
| G- additional layer | Outer membrane |
| Describe: G+ peptidoglycan layer | thick |
| Describe: G+ periplasmic space | thin |
| Describe: periplasmic layer of G- | Thick |
| G + type of organization | simple |
| G- type of organization | complex |
| FtsZ:prokaryotes:: ____:eukaryotes | tubulin |
| FtsZ protein cuases what shape? | coccus |
| mreB:prokaryotes:: ____:eukaryotes | actin |
| crescentin:prokaryotes:: ____:eukaryotes | intermediate filaments |
| mreB protein causes what shape? | bacillus |
| FtsZ protein causes what shape? | spirillus |
| most common type of nutritional type | chemoorganotrophic heterotrophy |
| 3 categories for nutritional type | - carbon source, energy source, reducing agents source |
| types of nutritional type according to carbon source: | autotrophs, heterotrophs, myxotrophs |
| example of myxotrophs | Euglena |
| 2 types of nutritional type according to energy source: | phototrophs, chemotrophs |
| 2 types of nutritional type according to reducing agents source: | lithotrophs, organtrophs |
| generation of ATP in the absence of oxygen | Fermentation |
| type of pathway in FermentaTion which yield the ATP | Substrate Phosphorylation |
| 6 ways of regulating metabolism | DNA-binding proteins, Feedback inhibitions, Allosteric inhibitions, Cooperativity, Enzyme modification, Enzyme inactivation |
| define: Growth | addition in cell number ad cell size |
| Types of asexual reproduction | Intracellular offspring production (binary fission & bipolar division), budding, baeocyte formation, arthrospore formation |
| define: LUCA | Last Universal Common Ancestor |
| tRNA initiation for Bacteria | formyl-methionine |
| tRNA initiator for eukaryotes | methionine |
| tRNA initiator for eukaryotes | methionine |
| type of ribosome in eukarya | 80S |
| type of ribosome in bacteria | 70S |
| type of ribosome in archaea | 70S |
| unbranched fatty acids | Bacteria |
| branched isoprene chains | archaea |
| define: Inteins | parts of proteins which can separate from an original protein then transfer to another protein |
| define: RNA World Hypothesis | - RNA as the original genetic material, which was eventually replaced by DNA |
| 3 types of mutations ( differentiate ) | missense: A to B nonsense: A to stop codon silent: A to A |
| main component of bacterial flagella | flagellin |
| main component of archaaeal flagella | archaeallin |
| differentiate: bacterial vs archaeal flagella based on dierction of growth | A: from the base B: from the tip |
| differentiate: bacterial vs archaeal flagella based on energy source | A: ATP B: protons |
| 4 types of eukaryotic flagella | monotrichous, peritrichous, lophotrichous, amphitrichous |
| 2 types of movement for flagella | run (ccw), tumble (cw) |
| define: axoneme | 9+2 arrangement of flagella |
| importance of DIPI Colinic Acid in Cell Differentiation | binds with calcium to retain water |
| 2 stages in Acanthamoeba | trophozoite and cyst |
| 3 stages in Naegleria | trophozoite, cyst and flagellate |
| disease caused by Naegleria | PAM: Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis |
| autoinducers in G- | AHL: acylhomoserenes |
| autoinducers in G+ | oligopeptides |
| structures which prevent Quorom sensing | quenchers |
| 4 nutritional types | photolithotrophic autotrophy, photoorganotrophic heterotrophy, chemolithotrophic autotrophy, chemoorganotrophic heterotrophy |
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