Cold War Flash Cards

Questão	Responda
Cold War	The result of tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union due to post World War II, the development of nuclear weapons, the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and the differing ideologies of democratic capitalism and communist socialism.
Potsdam Conference	Where Winston Churchill, Joseph Stalin, and Harry Truman met to deliberate the aftermath of WWII. During the conference they split Germany into divided sections that would later become the East and West.
Iron Curtain	The phrase coined by Winston Churchill to describe the geographical separation of ideas between capitalism and communism, which became a huge symbol during the Cold War.
Nuclear Monopoly	When a country has significant nuclear power over others. Example: the US had a nuclear monopoly which was clearly shown as soon as they bombed Hiroshima and Nagasaki to end the war in Japan.
Truman Doctrine	The foreign policy that dictates that the country must contain communism.
Berlin Blockade	There were two major Berlin Blockades: one where Stalin cut off supply to West Berlin and the US, Britain, and France sent in aid using supply flights, and later when the Soviet Union militarized the border between the East and West and constructed the Berlin Wall.
NATO	The North Atlantic Treaty Organization which was an alliance against the Warsaw Pact. Still exists today.
Monolithic Communism	The idea that all communism originates from Moscow.
Red Scare	Prominently used by Joseph McCarthy, who started to use fear as a mechanism to unsettled Americans and make them intolerant of any communism. Did this by persecuting any assumed communists in the US, and was found to be usually false.
McCarthyism	The act of persecuting communists and holding no tolerance to communism.
Peaceful Coexistence	The hope for an end to the Cold War came shortly after Nikita Khrushchev is the first Soviet leader to visit the US. The relations between the leaders of the two superpowers were good.
Francis Gary Powers	The U-2 pilot who was surveilling the Soviet Union and their missile production. Got shot down by Soviet forces and was captured. Unveiled the espionage used by the US.
Bay of Pigs	The operation to take back Cuba by the US that failed miserably, mainly due to the lack of backup provided by the US. Tried to overthrow the communist Cuban government but only resulted in making them closer to the USSR.
Hungarian Uprising	The first of the satellite states to rise up against the USSR. Took steps to form a democratic government, but was then invaded by Soviet forces. The revolution was halted. Later, Hungary led another revolution with other states under the Soviet Union and was eventually successful.
Domino Principle	The idea that if any nations in the world that are geographically near the Soviet Union fall to communism, the rest will soon follow.
Brinkmanship	When opposing forces do everything in their power to show force and ability without actually going to war. The actions taken that leave nations on the very brink of war.
Evil Empire	A term coined by American President Ronald Reagan to describe the Soviet Union.
Satellite States	Countries or nations that were formally independent but were then dominated by a powerful country. Used by the Soviet Union with examples like East Berlin, North Korea, China, Vietnam, and others.
Dollar Imperialism	The idea that America was forcing countries to appeal to their ideology by providing financial help with considerable political strings attached. This related to the Marshall Plan in particular.
Proletarian Internationalism	Another word for international communism. This was Stalin's vision for the world, based upon the works of Karl Marx.
Expansionism	The strategy used in the Cold War that involved expanding empires so that the other side would not have a greater ability. Seen with both the US and USSR.
Containment	A US strategy to prevent the spread of communism in the world through tactics like espionage, military capabilities, and proxy wars.
Spheres of Influence	The term used to describe how countries impose their ideologies on their geographical neighbours and how that influence can lead to alliances during wartime.
Buffer Zone	The Soviet Union's idea of creating communist-bloc states along the border of the USSR to provide extra protection for their ideological beliefs. Prevented a surrounding attack.
Marshall Plan	Proposed by George C. Marshall. The plan opted to provide economic support to capitalist countries and spent billions of dollars. Wanted to stabilize the post-war world economy. Was very successful, but super costly for the US.
Hot War	When two nations fight with traditional troops, military weapons, and other technologies. Two nations participating in direct conflict with each other.
Molotov Plan	The Soviet version of the Marshall Plan that was intended to gain support from the satellite states in exchange for providing financial support.
NAM	Non-Aligned Movement. The collection of neutral nations that did not join sides with the capitalist or communist states, and instead pursued their own ideologies. Example was India.
Warsaw Pact	The alliance between the Soviet Union and nearby nations that agreed to align themselves with the communist ideology. Examples include East Germany, Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Hungary.
Alignment	The act of joining either the superpower committed to the communist or capitalist ideology. Open support for a group.
HUAC	House Un-American Activities Committee which investigated the communist influence in Hollywood especially. A result of the Red Scare and McCarthyism.
Deterrence	The military capability of a nation that prevents other nations from attacking. The fear technique used to deter others from initiating an attack.
WMD's	Weapons of Mass Destruction. In the Cold War, this was the development of nuclear weapons in American and the USSR.
NORAD	The North America Aerospace Defence Command was a new agreement between Canada and the US that would allow the countries to cooperate in building a united air defence system on the north shores of Canada.
Proxy War	A war between ideologies that is fought in satellite states to assume more control over part of a superpower. Conflicts in where the superpower supports a country which is sympathetic to their cause and provides them with support like weapons, personnel, and money.
Liberation Movements	Movements that intend to free oppressed countries from the control of a superpower. Happened during the Cold War with Latin America, Central America, Africa, and the Middle East.
Forgotten War	A name to describe the Korean War which was fought as a proxy war between the US and USSR. Resulted in the division of communist North Korea and democratic South Korea.
Dissuasion	The French version of detterence that was at first based on the development of nuclear weapons, but later turned to the threat of nuclear strikes to deter terrorist attacks.
Espionage	The act of using technology to spy on the activities of another nation.
Salinization	The spread of Stalin's version of communism based upon the works of Karl Marx. The spread of the ideology imposed by the Soviet Union.
Detente	A period of semi-peaceful relations where the superpowers strove towards achieving peaceful existence. Did this by using techniques like cultural exchange, arms reduction treaties, and diplomacy.
John F. Kennedy	The president who allowed the Bay of Pigs operation to occur and was in power during the Cuban Missile Crisis. Realized the situation of MAD.
Nikita Khrushchev	The leader of the Soviet Union who visited the US and sought friendly relations with Dwight Eisenhower.
Ronald Reagan	The president of the United States who started the reestablishment of the fight against communism. Called the Soviet Union the "evil empire".
Fidel Castro	The leader of Cuba who replaced the Batista and led a revolution. Was thought to be a communist tool of the USSR by the United States.
Dwight D. Eisenhower	The hero of D-Day who attempted friendly relations with Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev. Had very good relations with the USSR until the shooting of the U-2 plane.
Harry Truman	The president who changed the foreign policy for the US and worked to support countries who sympathized with the democratic capitalist ideology. Attended the Potsdam conference after WWII.
MAD	Mutually Assured Destruction. The realization that nuclear war would result in the annihilation of both the superpowers as well as the world.

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	Criado por Natasha Gidluck aproximadamente 6 anos atrás