Life Science Unit Vocabulary

Questão	Responda
SYMBIOSIS	Long term relationship between two organisms that helps one, and either helps, harms or does not affect the other.
MUTUALISM	Long term relationship between two organisms that helps both organisms
COMMENSALISM	Long term relationship between two organisms that helps one and does not affect the other.
PARASITISM	Long term relationship that helps one organisms and harms the other
PREDATOR-PREY	One organism (the predator) eats another organism (the prey) - NOT symbiosis
CELLS	Smallest unit of life.
TISSUES	Made up of cells working together. Two or more of these work together to make organs.
ORGANS	Made up of two or more types of tissue working together. These make organ systems when two or more work together.
ORGAN SYSTEMS	Made up of organs working together. Two or more of these working together makes an organism.
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM	Body system that includes the lungs, trachea, larynx, and pharynx that all work together for the purpose of breathing and exchanging carbon dioxide and oxygen.
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM	Organ system that is made up of all of your arteries, blood vessels, capillaries and the heart all working together to circulate blood throughout the rest of the body
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM	Body system that consists of the esophagus, stomach, large intestine and small intestine as its main organs to help digest your food.
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM	Organ system that is made up of all of your body's skin, is actually the largest organ in your body! Its job is to protect your body.
SKELETAL SYSTEM	Organ system that is made up of all of your bones to help support your body and also makes blood cells.
MUSCULAR SYSTEM	Body system that is made up of all of your muscles working together to help move your body.
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM	Body system that is responsible for regulating all of your body's hormones and metabolism.
IMMUNE SYSTEM	Body system that is mainly responsible for fighting disease and is helped by the lymphatic system
EXCRETORY (URINARY) SYSTEM	Organ system that makes urine - removes wastes as liquid and includes the kidneys
NERVOUS SYSTEM	Organ system that controls all other body systems, organs, etc. Includes the brain and spinal cord.
CELL MEMBRANE	Protective layer around the cell that controls what is allowed to enter or leave the cell. Found in both plant and animal cells.
CELL WALL	Protects the cell and provides structure to the cell. Usually stiff and rigid. Surrounds the outside of plant cells.
CHLOROPLASTS	Contain chlorophyll (makes plants green!). & MAKE FOOD by photosynthesis. Use up carbon dioxide and use sunlight. Give OFF oxygen and sugar (glucose).
CYTOPLASM	Clear, jelly-like substance that supports the cell and holds the organelles in place.
MITOCHONDRIA	Cell's Powerhouse! Provide energy.
NUCLEAR MEMBRANE	Controls what is allowed into and out of the nucleus.
NUCLEUS	Controls all activity in the cell! Holds the DNA.
RIBOSOMES	Cell organelle that makes Protein
LYSOSOMES	Organelle that disposes of and recycles cell waste.
VACUOLES	Storage tanks in a cell! Fluid-filled sacs that store food, water, and wastes
EXTINCTION	Permanent dying out of a species of organisms
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION	Reproduction with only one parent that results in less variety among offspring but is faster and requires less energy than sexual reproduction
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION	Reproduction with 2 parents, resulting in faster evolution, more variety among offspring, but requires more energy and a mate.
EVOLUTION	Change in organisms over time
NATURAL SELECTION	the process by which organisms that are best suited to a particular environment survive and thrive.
MUTATION	Spontaneous change in the genetics of an organism.
GENE	tiny part of a chromosome that controls how a particular characteristic of an organism develops
ADAPTATION	any characteristic of an organism that promotes its survival in a certain environment
HEREDITY	passing on of genes and traits from parents to offspring
MEIOSIS	process of cell division that produces sperm and egg cells for sexual reproduction
MITOSIS	process during which the nucleus of a cell divides; responsible for growth and repair of injuries
GENOTYPE	tells the genes inherited by an individual for a specific trait
PHENOTYPE	tells the physical characteristics inherited by an individual for a specific trait
PUNNETT SQUARE	used to predict the genotypes produced from the genotypes of two parents
HOMOZYGOUS	genotype where both genes are identical (both recessive or both dominant
HETEROZYGOUS	genotype where both genes are different (one recessive and one dominant)

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	Criado por Niat Habtemariam mais de 11 anos atrás