Flashcards
Nervous System
Flashcards do conjunto (92)
- 1What nerve pairs make up the peripheral nervous system?Cranial
Spinal - 2What are the two subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system?parasympathetic
sympathetic - 3How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?31
- 4How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?12
- 5Efferent nerves are also known as...Motor nerves
- 6Arachnoid materInnermost layer of the brain
- 7What produces the Cerebrospinal fluid?Choroid Plexus
- 8SynapseJunction between two nerve cells
- 9What does the axonal terminal do?Release neurotransmitters
- 10What does the dendrite do?Conducts electrical currents toward the body
- 11What is does the myelin sheath help with?Increase the speed of impulse transmission
- 12What does the axon do?Conducts impulses away from the cell body
- 13What is the difference between neurotransmitters and impulses?Impulses are electrical and neurotransmitters are chemical
- 14Terminals__ information while dendrites __ informationTerminals send information while dendrites receive information
- 15What are other functions of the Cerebrospinal fluid?Takes in nutrients
Removes waste - 16What connects the two hemispheres of the brain?Corpus Callosum
- 17What are the two main parts of the diencephalon?Thalamus
Hypothalamus - 18What are the three main parts of the lower brain stem?Midbrain
pons
medulla oblongata - 19What are the three types of neurons?Sensory (afferent)
Motor (efferent)
Interneurons - 20What is the function of myelin?Provides insulation to prevent short circuiting fibers.
- 21Dura materOuter brain covering
- 22Pia materInnermost layer
- 23Choroid plexus a.k.ablood brain barrier (with selective permeability)
- 24What is the biggest part of the brain?cerebrum
- 25Longitudinal fissuresDeep grooves that divide the brain into left and right
- 26Transverse fissureDivides cerebrum from cerebellum
- 27GyriElevated ridges
- 28SulciShallower grooves
- 29What does the frontal lobe control?voluntary movements
Reasoning
Impulse control
problem solving - 30What does the Broca's area control?Speech
- 31What is the parietal lobe in charge of?receives and interprets nerve impulses from sensory receptors
- 32What does the occipital lobe control?Vision
- 33What does the temporal lobe contain?Auditory area
- 34What is the Wernicke's area in charge of?speech
understanding
comprehension - 35What does the hippocampus control?Memory and learning
Recognizing new info
Recall special relationships - 36What does the amygdala influence?behavior
Associated with emotional reactions, - 37What does the Thalamus do?Acts as a relay station for incoming and outgoing nerve impulses
- 38What body system is the hypothalamus linked to?Endocrine system
- 39What is the hypothalamus known as?brain of the brain
- 40What does the cerebellum do?Maintains balance
Muscle tone
Coordination of muscle mobvement - 41What is the function of PonsHelps control breathing
Connects parts of the brain with each other - 42What is the midbrain in charge of?hearing
vision - 43What id the medulla oblongata the center for?swallowing
Vomiting - 44What is the major function of the spinal cord?Carries messages from sensory neurons to the brain for interpretation
Reflex center - 45What do afferent nerves do?Sensory
Take info from receptors to the Central Nervous System - 46What do efferent nerves do?Motor neurons
Convey info from CNS to the muscles and glands - 47What is the sympathetic nervous system for?Speeds up activity
requires energy - 48What does the parasympathetic nervous system do?Speed up vegetative activities (such as urination and digestion) and slows down or restores other activities
- 49What does the parasympathetic nervous system use as a neurotransmitter?acetycholine
- 50What type of fibers do the dorsal root contain?Sensory nerve fibers
- 51What type of fibers do the ventral root contain?Motor nerve fibers
Anterior - 52What does the cervical plexus do?gives motor movement to muscles of the neck and shoulders
receives messages - 53Where does the brachial plexus give movement to?shoulder
wrist
Hand
gives messages to those areas - 54To what area does the Lumbar plexus give movement to?Butt
anterior legs and thighs - 55What area does the sacral plexus give movement to?Back/posterior of legs and thighs
- 56What is the largest nerve of the body?Sciatic nerve
- 57What is the simplest type of nerve response?Reflex
- 58Transient Ischemic AttackMini Stroke
temporary reduction of blood flow to the brain
2-5 min - 59Cerebrovascular accidentwhen blood flow to th ebrain is interupted
- 60What are the two types of a cerebrovascular accident?Ischemic
Hemorrhagic - 61What is the difference between an ischemic and hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accidentIschemic -> Blood clot, treated with clot busting drugs
Hemorrhagic -> Rupture of a blood vessel
Harder to treat and more deadly - 62HemiparesisWeakness of one side of the body
- 63HemiplegiaParalysis of one half of the body
- 64Aphasiainability to express or understand speech if the left side of the brain is damaged
- 65ParaplegiaParalysis of the trunk (usually below the waist) and both legs
- 66QuadriplegiaParalysis of the trunk (usually below the neck) both arms and legs
- 67Melastic cancersMore common
travel and spread throughout the body
a.k.a secondary tumor - 68MeningitisInflammation of the lining of the brain and lungs (meninges)
s/s: headache, fever, and stiff neck - 69EncephalitisInflammation of the brain
- 70Cerebral PalsyDisturbance in voluntary muscular movement due to brain damage
- 71EpilepsySeizure disorder of the brain characterized by a reoccurring and excessive discharge from the neurons
- 72Grand mal seizure a.k.aTonic clonic seizure
loss of consciousness and violent muscle contractions - 73Absence or petit mal seizurebrief or sudden lapse of conscious activity
mostly in children - 74Post ictal stateAfter the seizure
Brain recovers from trauma - 75HydrocephalusIncreased volume of CSF in ventricles of the brain
- 76MSAutoimmune, inflammatory disease
Immune cells attack myelin sheath & the myelin sheath are destroyed
Destruction delays or completely blocked transmission of nerve impuses in affected areas - 77Alzheimers diseaseProgressive disease
cant remember recent memories
Nerve endings in brain degenerate and block signals
Abnormal fibers build p and cause tangles - 78For alzheimers disease, what are the areas of degeneration called?plaques
- 79Neuritisinflammation of a nerve
- 80SciaticaInflammation of sciatic nerve
- 81Bell's PalsyInvolves 7th cranial nerve (Facial)
One side of their face droops and is numb - 82ShinglesAcute viral infection
One sided infection of cutaneous nerve - 83Carpal tunnel syndromeAffects median nerve and flexor tendons that attach to the carpals
- 84Concussioncaused by severe blows to the head
results in bran damage and can cause unconsciousness - 85What connects the brain to the peripheral nervous system?Medulla
- 86What are the two divisions of the PNS?Autonomic
Somatic - 87Systematic nervous systemSubdivision of the peripheral nervous system
Controls skeletal sysytem - 88Side of the brain responsible for logical thinkingleft
- 89What are the four main parts of the brain?Cerebrum
Diencephalon
Brain Stem Cerebellum - 90what connects the brain to the peripheral nervous system?Medulla
- 91What nerve goes with the cervical plexus?The phrenic nerve
- 92What is the cervical plexus in charge of?Diaphragm
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- 11th grade Nursing FlashCards sobre Nervous System, criado por 4everlakena em 03-03-2015.
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