Sociology: Crime and Deviance Flash cards

Questão	Responda
Altruistic Suicide	Emile Durkheim's term for suicide in societies where people see their own happiness as unimportant
Anomic Suicide	Durkheim's term for suicide in societies where rapid change is occuring
Egoistic Suicide	Durkheim's term for suicide in societies where people regard their individual happiness as very important
Fatalistic Suicide	Results from the over-regulation of the individual (e.g. in prison or psychiatric institution)
Anomie	Term, first used by Durkheim, to describe a breakdown of social expectations and behaviour; later used by Merton to explain reactions to situations in which socially approved goals were impossible for the majority of the population to reach legitimately
Bedroom Culture	Used by Angela McRobbie and Jenny Garber to describe that girls are more likely than boys to socialize with their friends in the home, rather than on the streets or other public places
Chivalry Factor	Used to suggest that the criminal justice system may treat women more leniently than men
Cultural Transmission	Values are passed on from one generation to the next
Differential Association	Theory that deviant behaviour is learned from, and justified by, family and friends
Hegemonic	The dominant form of something
Hegemony	The ideas and values of the ruling class that dominate thinking in society
Ideology	Set of ideas and beliefs that justify actions
Ideological State Apparatus	A term used by the Neo-Marxists writer Louis Althusser for those institutions that he claims exists to control the population through manipulating values (e.g. the media)
Deviancy Amplification	When the action of the rule enforces or media in response to deviance brings about an increase in the deviance
Institutional Racism	Racism that is built into the normal practices of an organization e.g. the police
Infrastructure	Term used by Marxists to describe the way a society produces wealth
Interpretivist Sociologist	Those whose approach to sociology and research emphasises understanding society by exploring the way people see society, rather than by following traditional scientific analysis
Left Realism	A criminological theory, which argues that crime is a real problem affecting working communities. Left Realists argue that it is better to work within capitalism to improve people's lives, than to attempt full social change
Longitudinal Research	Sociological research method involving studying a group over a long period of time
Macro Theory	Way of looking at society, which concentrates on how social structure determines individual behaviour
Micro Theories	Ways of explaining society that focus on how individuals interpret the social world
Marginalized	A sociological term referring to those who are pushed to the edge of society in cultural, status or economic terms
Master Status	When people are looked at solely on the basis of one type of act (good or bad) that they have committed, ignoring all other aspects of that person e.g. thief, murderer
Meritocratic	System of government or another administration in which people are appointed on merit
Meta-narratives	A postmodernist term used to refer to the structural theories of Marxism and functionalism
Night-time economy	Refers to the way a leisure industry has developed at night in certain parts of the inner cities, providing the location of many offences
Operationalize	To define something in such a way that it cant be measured
Polarization	Marx- Rich get richer, poor get poorer
Paternalistic	Patronizing approach that removes people's freedom to choose
Positivists	Those advocating an approach that supports the belief that the way to gain knowledge is by following the conventional scientific model
Postmodern	Rejects modernism attempts to explain the world through overreaching theories. Instead it suggests that there is no single, shared reality and focuses attention on the significance of the media in helping to construct numerous realities
Qualitative Data	Data concerned with feelings, motives and experiences
Qualitative Research	A general term for approaches to research that are less interested in collecting statistical data, and more interested in observing and interpreting the ways in which people behave
Strain	Robert Merton- a lack of balance and adjustment in society
Superstructure	Marxists- to describe the parts of society that are responsible for socialization and the spreading of ideology
Verstehen	Weber- the role of sociology is to understand partly by seeing through the eyes of those being studied similar to 'empathy'
Zone of Transition	Area of city with high level of population turnover

Próximo

Sociology: Crime and Deviance Flash cards

Descrição

Resumo de Recurso

Semelhante

	Criado por Beth Morley mais de 9 anos atrás