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Criado por sabrinapar22
mais de 9 anos atrás
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Questão | Responda |
What happened in the case of the Neuse River in North Carolina? | -agricultural runoff led to increase in nutrients -pfisteria rapidly bloomed and killed fish population |
environment | sum of all the conditions surrounding us that influence life -living organisms, soil, temperature -determines how healthy we are |
environmental science | field that looks at interactions among human systems and those found in nature |
system | any set of interacting components that influence one another by exchanging energy or materials -human made or natural |
ecosystem | particular location on Earth whose interacting components include biotic and abiotic components |
environmental studies | includes additional subjects such as environmental policy, economics, literature, and ethics |
What factors make up an organism's environment? | all conditions surrounding it that influence its life (eg. temperature, salinity, other living organisms) |
In what ways is the field of environmental studies interdisciplinary? | it is a broader field that includes other subjects relating to the environment (eg. environmental policy, economics, literature, ethics) |
Why is environmental research important? | -it is a rapidly growing area of study -it will help us understand how human activities are affecting the environment and increase consciousness |
In what ways do humans alter the environment? | -convert land from its natural state into suburban, urban, and agricultural areas -add fertilizers -generate pollution |
What is the relationship between the development of technology and environmental impacts? | -more advanced technology leads to more environmental harm |
How does human development have an impact on natural systems? | -destroy habitats -species cannot evolve quickly enough to keep up with changes in their environment |
ecosystem services | processes by which life-supporting resources are produced -clean water, timber, fisheries -unhealthy ecosystems cannot provide these services |
environmental indicators | describe the current state of an environmental system -biological diversity, food production, average global surface temperature and carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere, human population, and resource depletion |
sustainability | living in a way that allows us to use its resources without depriving future generations of those resources |
biodiversity | diversity of life forms in an environment -3 scales: genetic, species, and ecosystem |
genetic diversity | genetic variation among individuals in a population -high genetic diversity=better able to respond to environmental change |
species diversity | number of species in a region or a particular type of habitat -ecosystems with high species diversity are more resilient and productive |
species | a group of organisms that is distinct from other groups in its morphology, behavior, or biochemical properties -members of the same species can breed and produce fertile offspring |
How many species have been identified? | approximately 2 million |
How many species are on Earth? | between 5 million and 100 million, most common estimates around 10 million |
speciation | evolution of a new species -1-3 new species worldwide per year |
background extinction rate | average rate at which species go extinct over the long term -one species in a million every year |
How many species go extinct every year? | more than 10,000 |
ecosystem diversity | measure of the diversity of ecosystems or habitats that exist in a given region |
How many acres are in one hectare? | 2.47 acres/hectare |
Why is grain production not keeping up with population growth? | -soil degradation -crop diseases -unfavorable weather -demand outpacing supply -humans use more grain to feed livestock -government policies make uncultivated land more profitable or encourage farmers to grow crops for fuels |
greenhouse gases | heat trapping gases -have risen in past 2 centuries |
What are the two major sources of the increase in co2? | combustion of fossil fuels and net loss of forests and other habitat types |
How does the human population indicate the health of the environment? | increasing world population adds additional demands on natural systems |
What is the rate of population growth? | 1 million people/5 days |
What are some negative consequences of resource extraction and use? | pollution, land degradation, waste, air pollution |
development | improvement in human well being through economic advancement |
What are the three requirements that must be met in order to live sustainably? | -environmental systems must not be damaged beyond the ability to recover -renewable resources must not be used at a rate faster than they can regenerate -nonrenewable resources must be used sparingly |
sustainable development | development that balances human well being and economic advancement with resource management for future generations |
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