2421508
Descrição
FlashCards por katie.t.424, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por katie.t.424
mais de 9 anos atrás
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| Questão | Responda |
| AS OCR Chemistry Notes | |
| Atomic Structure | |
| ATOMIC NUMBER - The number of protons in the nucleus of the atom. MASS NUMBER - The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the atom. ISOTOPES - Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons | ISOTOPES have the same number of electrons in their outer shell, so have similar chemical properties. |
| RELATIVE ISOTOPIC MASS - The mass of an isotope compared to 1/12th the mass of an atom of Carbon 12. RELATIVE ATOMIC MASS - The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared to 1/12th the mass of Carbon 12 | PARTICLE RELATIVE MASS RELATIVE CHARGE proton 1 +1 neutron 1 0 electron 1/2000 -1 |
| ORBITAL - A volume of space that can hold up to 2 electrons with opposite spins 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 | FIRST IONISATION ENERGY - The amount of energy required to remove an electron from each atom in 1 mol of gaseous atoms to form 1 mol of + gaseous ions. O(g) ----> O+(g) + e- |
| MOLES! | |
| EMPIRICAL FORMULA - 1. mass/mol 2. divide b smallest number STOICHIOMETRY - the molar relationship between the relative quantities of substances taking part in a reaction. | |
| ACIDS + BASES | |
| ACID - proton donor. BASE - proton acceptor ALKALI - a base that dissolves in water forming hydroxide ions (OH-(aq) ions) | SALT - A chemical compound formed from an acid, when a H+ ion from the acid has been replaced by a metal ion or another positive ion, e.g. NH4+ WATER OF CRYSTALLISATION - H2O molecules that form a part of the crystalline structure of a compound |
| ACIDS HYDROCHLORIC ACID - HCl SULPHURIC ACID - H2SO4 NITRIC ACID - HNO3 | BASES SODIUM HYDROXIDE - NaOH POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE - KOH AMMONIA - NH3: NH3(aq) + H2O(l) <----> NH4+(aq) + OH-(aq) |
| SALTS H2SO4 ----> K2SO4 HCl ----> NaCl HNO3 ----> Ca(NO3)2 | NEUTRALISATION REACTIONS ACID + CARBONATE ----> SALT + CO2 + H2O ACID + BASE ----> SALT + H2O ACID + ALKALI ----> SALT + WATER |
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