Overview of the Criminal Justice System

Questão	Responda
courts	impartial seats of judgment that are set up by our government to resolve disputes
jurisdiction	the right of a court to hear cases in a particular geographical area or for a particular type of law
Name the two parts of the United States' dual-court system:	1. Federal court system 2. State court system
The federal court system consists of:	1. district courts; 2. special courts; 3. courts of appeal.
Discuss the parts of the federal court of appeals system:	The court of appeals is made up of 13 judicial circuits. Each circuit corresponds to its own geographical area and hears appeals from the district courts within that circuit.
Name the three branches of the Federal Government and who they represent:	1. Legislative (the Congress); 2. Executive (the President); 3. Judicial (the federal courts).
What does it mean when a defendant appeals the decision in his or her case?	The defendant asks a higher court to review the decision of a lower court and, hopefully, reverse the lower court’s decision.
circuit	a judicial district
attorney at law	a person who is educated and trained in legal matters, and who is hired by a person or a group of people to manage a legal case
officer of the court	Any person who has an obligation to promote justice and uphold the law, including judges, clerks, court personnel, police officers and attorneys, who must be truthful in court and obey court rules. www.law.cornell.edu
State Bar Examination	a standardized exam that test a person's knowledge of both general law and legal issues and specific state laws
List the requirements to work as an attorney:	must be a resident of the state for which they wish to work; graduate from an accredited law school; must pass the state bar exam; must take an oath to follow a code of ethics as an officer of the court; must register with the court and receive a license to practice law.
defense attorney	an attorney, either hired or appointed by the court, to help the accused defend themselves in a court case
prosecutor	an attorney employed on behalf of the county to help victims of a crime obtain justice in a court case
Public Defender's Office	a government-funded agency that provides legal representation to indigent defendants
public defender	an attorney-at-law who works for the County Public Defender's Office whose duty is to defend accused persons unable to pay for legal assistance
The relationship between the defense attorney and the accused begins when?	As soon as the accused asks for a lawyer.
chain of custody	is a process where evidence is carefully identified, documented, handled, preserved and secured in a way that ensures its integrity (also called "chain of possession"
suppressed testimony	testimony that is not admissible in court
motions	a series of legal requests presented to the judge in court
discovery	The process whereby both the prosecution and the defense must present all the facts they know about the case to the opposing side so that each attorney can prepare for trial.
integrity (as used in evidence, chain of command) (my own interpretation)	honesty, accuracy, uncorrupted, untainted (by my own definition, as used in relation to evidence, chain of command)
plea bargain	a promise by the defendant to plead guilty to criminal charges in exchange for a lighter sentence
judge	person responsible for the administration of justice
Requirements to run for judgeship are:	be at least 30 years old; a state resident; licensed to practice law; prior experience as magistrate (in some states); be of good moral character; have a clean criminal record.
magistrate	an official appointed by a more senior judge to hear certain types of cases
Requirements to be a magistrate are:	be a licensed attorney (in most cases); be appointed by a more senior judge.

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Overview of the Criminal Justice System

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	Criado por Mish Madison quase 4 anos atrás