2545213
Descrição
FlashCards por Oneica Williams, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por Oneica Williams
mais de 9 anos atrás
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| Questão | Responda |
| What were the changes in the US population? | The USA were made up of mainly white Protestants and blacks were slaves. Native Americans weren't regarded as citizens either. During 19th-20th century things started to change. |
| When was the end of the civil war? | 1865- brought the emancipation of the slaves |
| Effects of Immigration? | Brought new settlers: Irish Catholics, Jews, Hispanics from Mexico, refugees from Africa, the Middle East and Asia. |
| The 1990s | During the 1990's, those settlers that flooded in became 13 times the size of the non-Hispanic white population. 2010 census showed Hispanics (16.3%) more than African-Americans (12.3%). |
| Major minority states? | New Mexico, Texas, California and Hawaii are majority- minority states in which minorities make up a majority of the state's population. This will have a great significance for government and politics in the USA and already has. |
| Civil Rights | Grew out from the 1950s. This period saw a time where African-Americans were guaranteed rights. However, in places such as the deep South these rights weren't a reality. Blacks were 'separate but equal'- schools, jobs, public places etc |
| Highlights of Civil Rights movement | Brown v Board of Education (1954) Bus boycott - Rosa Parks (1955) Assassination of Martin Luther King (1968) |
| Important leaders of the Civil Rights movement | Jesse Jackson and the National Rainbow Coalition Malcolm X Martin Luther King and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference |
| Affirmative Action | A programme that entails giving the members of a previously disadvantaged minority group a head start in such areas as higher education and employment. |
| March 1961, President Kennedy. Also, President Johnson | Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. Kennedy orders that projects financed with federal funds 'take affirmative action'. So that workplaces would be free from racial bias. |
| Reverse discrimination | 1978 Supreme court case: University of California v. Bakke, which concerned a white medical student, Allan Bakke who had been denied a place at the Uni even though lesser-qualified minority students were admitted. |
| Affirmative Action cases | Gratz v. Bollinger (2003) Meredith v. Jefferson (Kentucky) Board of Education (2007) |
| What is a Quota? | A Quota is a programmed designed to benefit previously disadvantaged minorities by which a certain percentage of places is reserved for people from that category. |
| For- Affirmative Action | 1. Leads to greater levels of diversity and multiculturalism 2. Rights previously wronged 3. Opens up areas of education and employment 4. Delivers equality of opportunity |
| Against- Affirmative Action | 1. Reverse discrimination 2. A.A can lead to minorities being admitted to courses which they are ill-equipped for 3. Demeans achievements 4. Focuses on groups rather than individuals |
| What did President Clinton say about Affirmative Action? | 'affirmative action has been good for America' |
| Why has A.A failed? | Some argue that because its a program based on race it is unlikely to move society. But others argue it has helped to remove prejudice towards minority groups. For example, Obama elected as president. |
| 2003 Bollinger case conclusions | The Supreme Court suggested that A.A programmes should have a shelf life for a further 25 years. In that we would be able to judge the success or failure of A.A programmes in the future. |
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