Scottish Devolution

Questão	Responda
Institutional Arrangements	Devolution in the UK is distinguished not only by its varied institutional arrangement but also by it's varied purpose.
Poll Tax	In Scotland, devolution was designed to prevent a repeat of the poll tax...designed in London but lacked support in Scotland.
Policy Change	There was also hope that it would improve public services and tackle a broad if ill-defined, progressive agenda of policy change.
Devolved Powers	Health Education and training Local Government Law, Including most aspects of criminal and civil, the prosecution system and the courts. Social work Housing Tourism and Economic Development
Scottish Needs	Centralised policy making from london, even was filtered through the Scottish office was seen as unresponsive to Scottish needs.
Left Wing	At the time of the referendum the rhetoric of campaigns was broadly left wing with a presumption that devolution would rid Scotland of the torries and open up the possibility of a more distributive agenda.
Delivery Mechanisms	Policies that look the same may have different beneficiaries due to differences in delivery mechanisms.
Three point divergence	Greer and Jarman (2008: 169) ‘powers’ (‘what can a given government do, formal powers, financial capabilities, access to key resources?’); ‘policies’ and ‘politics’ (‘party strategies and positions’).
Alcohol Policy	in terms of government powers, alcohol policy, as a key area of public health, is a devolved issue, although policies decided at Westminster (such as rates of duty and [VAT]) are relevant to the broader issue. Indeed the decision to pursue MUP was in part due to the inability of the Scottish government to pursue tax-based interventions on price.
Deals with various groups	Scottish devolution divergent as the way in which the government deals with various groups such as focus groups and large corporations was fundamentally different.
Health activists	This can be seen with the case of health activists and the role they had on the introduction of minimum pricing on alcohol.
Alcohol industry divided	However the alcohol industry was divided on the issue of MUP, those opposed to the proposed measures on price seemed more committed in the defence of their interests and more vocal in their objections than those industry actors that were prepared to accept it.
Policy divergence	Whilst devolution had opened up the possibility of policy divergence in the UK, accentuated by the election of an SNP government, the Scottish debate was not without significance for the rest of the UK and for other countries.
Smoking ban	ban on smoking in public places which was introduced in Scotland before spreading to the rest of the UK, it was feared that MUP in Scotland may create pressure for similar policies to be introduced elsewhere, in March 2012 the Westminster government signaled its intention to introduce a minimum price for alcohol in England and Wales (Home Office, 2012).
Constitutional Issues	Constitutional issues is controlled by Westminster, Constitutional issues are those relating to the structure and fundamental political rules of a nation or state.
Home Rule	1. The creation of home rule pressure groups 2.The establishment of constitutional conventions:- met between 1989 and 1995 3.The use of petitions and referendums:- 1979 and 1997 referendums which ultimately saw the creation of Scottish parliament. 4.The creation of a political party to campaign for constitutional change e.g SNP or Labour when the adopted devolution in the 1980s.
Union State	Has a single sovereign parliament but that parliament grew from the merging of various parliaments such as wales (1536), Scotland (1707) and Ireland in (1807).
resemblance of federal government	- even when some devolution of power has occurred, as is the case in Scotland after 1997, the devolved assembly can be no more than a resemblance of federal government as it remains subordinate to the national parliament and can be suppressed.
distinct legal system	However unlike a union state the various nations that build up the uk continue to maintain a degree of autonomy this is shown in the case of legal system which is very distinctive in both England and Scotland.
evading any threat	The principle reason for power to be devolved is the need of the unitary state to find means of evading any threat to its integrity that might be posed by nationalism and separation.
Rise of nationalism	‘Margaret Thatcher weakened local government, abolished the greater London council, and favoured the south-east of England. Scotland and wales in particular felt an acute sense of neglect.’ (Davies, 1999, p.927) 1997 referendum 70% voted in favour of devolution
new policy and devolution working	Devolution marked a response by the UK state to the prospect of territorial separation which was successful in the short term. At the top of Scotland’s agenda the language of nationalism was replaced by the language of new policy and making devolution work.
stone dead	former shadow Scottish secretary George Robertson suggesting devolution had killed nationalism ‘stone dead’.
S.N.P selection in 2007	. However (McGarvey, 2008) that this was not the case indeed the election of the SNP in 2007 has appeared to reinvigorate a sense of Scottish nationalism and unfinished business. Tam Dalyell agrees with this by suggesting devolution is a ‘motorway to independence with no U-turns and no exits’
SNP public debate	After 2007 the SNP sought to ignite a public debate on Scotland’s constitutional future. The SNP outlined 3 options 1. Retention of the scotland Act 2. Redesigned devolution 3. Independence
amending the constitution	The only real mechanism for amending the constitution in Scotland is a new act of created by Westminster. Even if a consensus of the Scottish public opinion, political parties, and parliament all supported new powers and full devolution they would still require the compliance of Westminster.
If indy did happen	With Independence no longer an option rejected out of hand. However if independence was to take place it may not be the big bang manner some suggest in fact it is highly possible that new forms of shared sovereignty may come to creation.

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	Criado por Craig Grant aproximadamente 9 anos atrás