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Descrição
FlashCards por Chananya Khamsriya , atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por Chananya Khamsriya
mais de 9 anos atrás
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| Questão | Responda |
| Crude oil is a mixture of many different hydrocarbons. What is meant by hydrocarbon? | A compound containing only carbon and hydrogen. |
| Describe and explain how petrol is separated from the mixture of hydrocarbons in the crude oil. (4-6 marks) | The crude oil is heated up [1] so the liquids become evaporate[1], as they rise up the column they cool and condense [1], so they are separated by their boiling points [1]. |
| Many polymers are not biodegradable. What does biodegradable mean? (1 mark) | Substances being decomposed by bacteria or other living organisms and thereby avoiding pollution. |
| Why is there no overall electrical charge on an aluminium atom? (1 mark) | number of protons is equal to number of electrons or positive and negative charges cancel out |
| Name the two sub-atomic particles in the nucleus (1 mark) | Protons and Neutrons |
| Why does aluminium react with iron oxide? (1 mark) | Aluminium is more reactive (than iron). |
| Copper is now extracted from ores containing a low percentage of copper compounds. Suggest two reasons why. (2 marks) | copper metal is in demand [1] copper is expensive [1] |
| The reaction in the furnace could cause environmental pollution. Explain how. (2 marks) | Copper sulfide reacts with oxygen produce sulfur dioxide [1] that causes acid rain [1] |
| The extraction of pure copper is expensive. Give one reason why. (1 mark) | Large amounts of fuels/energy used (for the furnace and electrolysis or the extraction has many steps / stages / processes or Large amounts of ore/material have to be mined |
| Pure copper is produced by electrolysis of copper sulfate solution. Which electrode do the copper ions move towards? Give a reason for your answer. (2 marks) | the negative electrode/cathode [1] [1] because copper ions / Cu2+ are positively charged or are oppositely charged or copper ions need to gain electrons |
| Large areas of land are contaminated with copper compounds. Phytomining can be used to remove these copper compounds from the land. What is used in phytomining to remove copper compounds from the land? [1] | (Growing) plants |
| Fuels react with oxygen to release energy. Name the type of reaction that releases energy from a fuel. (1 mark) | Exothermic or Combustion or Burning or Oxidation or Redox |
| Fuels react with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide. The reaction of a fuel with oxygen can produce a different oxide of carbon. Name this different oxide of carbon and explain why it is produced. (2 marks) | Carbon monoxide [1] because there is incomplete combustion [1] |
| Give two reasons why alloys are used in the ballpoint pen. | hard / strong / durable [1] resistant to corrosion or unreactive [1] |
| What is locked up carbon dioxide? (2 marks) | Carbon dioxide from Earth’s early atmosphere [1] formed sedimentary rocks or fossil fuels [1] |
| Describe Wegener’s idea of how Earth’s continents formed. (2 marks) | There was a Pangaea [1] continents then drifted apart [1] |
| Diesel is a mixture of lots of different alkanes. What are alkanes? (2 marks) | hydrocarbons [1] [1] alkanes are saturated or have only single bonds |
| Why does Iceland have volcanoes? (1 mark) | on a boundary between tectonic plates |
| Describe how volcanic activity led to the formation of oceans. | Water vapour released by volcanic activity [1] condensed to form the oceans [1] |
| Calcium oxide reacts with a substance to produce calcium hydroxide. Name the substance. (1 mark) | Water |
| Calcium hydroxide reacts with a substance to produce calcium carbonate. Name the substance. (1 mark) | Carbon dioxide |
| Iron is extracted by heating a mixture of iron oxide and carbon in a blast furnace. Name this type of reaction. (1 mark) | Reduction |
| What is meant by electrolysis? ( 2 marks) | decomposition of compound [1] using current/electricity [1] |
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