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| Questão | Responda |
| Which perspective to take on personality? | There are conflicting views, each has strengths and weaknesses |
| Collected elements of psych theories that had strong evidence, put them in a box. Did not say how they relate | Mayer (2005) Psychology as 'organised functional unit' |
| McAdams' Personality Triad | 1) Dispositional Traits 2) Characteristic Adaptations 3) Narrative identity: Life story |
| McAdams' Personality Triad: Dispositional Traits | -Eysenck's E, N & P -OCEAN |
| Limits of trait theories | "Psychology of the stranger" McAdams -Don't say anything about the individual, only how they're likely to respond to situations |
| McAdams' Personality Triad: Characteristic Adaptations | -Personal goals & motives -Defence mechanisms & Coping strategies -Values & beliefs -Attachment & Relationship styles -Domain-specific skills & interests -etc |
| McAdams' Personality Triad: Narrative Identity | "Lives viewed as narrated texts, known and 'read' as stories, framed through discourse & told in culture" McAdams -Stories central to identity & unity of self |
| Changing personalities over time | -Modern personalities different to 100s of years ago -Current theories could be outdated in the future |
| Cultural criticism of personality theories | Personality theories rooted in Western assumptions and values: Focus on WEIRDos (Western Educated Industrialised Rich & Democratic) |
| WEIRDos | Western Educated Industrialised Rich & Democratic |
| Consistency | Gets the same results across situations |
| Internal Consistency | Test components correlate well ie. Cronbach's alpha of >0.7 |
| Inter-rater reliability | Consistency in info found by different raters |
| Test-retest reliability | Consistency over instances of testing |
| Construct validity | Assessing what is intended to be assessed |
| Convergent validity | Tests assessing same thing should correlate |
| Divergent validity | Tests assessing different things should not correlate |
| Acquiescence | Researcher wanting to give positive evaluations |
| Likert scales | Strongly agree - Strongly disagree |
| Fixed-choice format | Make a choice of two possible (both good or bad) descriptions of yourself -Decreases social desirability bias |
| Projective testing | Tests aspects cannot be directly assessed with self-reflection eg unconscious processes. eg. Rorschach test -Big problems with validity: what does it mean? |
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