Week 3

Questão	Responda
What is a moral enterprise?	The process of constructing and applying definitions of deviance to be understood.
What are the two facets of deviance making enterprise?	1. Rule creating 2. Rule enforcers
Who would be considered rule creators and rule enforcers?	Rule creators: politicians, crusading public figures, teachers etc. Rule enforcers: police, judge, courts, RA's, parents etc.
What are the goals of manufacturing public morality?	1. Generate broad awareness 2. Bring out moral conversion 3. Enlist the support of sponsors 4. Look to different groups in society to form alliances or coalitions to support their campaigns
When does a moral panic arise?	When a threat to society is depicted, promoting terror and dread with its powerfully persuasive focus on folk devils.
What are examples of moral panics?	School shootings, kidnappings, gangs, and drugs.
What is one of the most clearest elements of social power?	Money.
Do people ever resist their labels of deviance?	Yes.
Chapter 15: What was the first and most significant drug scare?	Over drink, known as the temperance movement in the late 18th and early 19th century.
When did the shift on alcohol to other drugs occur?	When there was a nationwide scare due to the use of opiates and cocaine.
What was said to have lead the youth to rebellion and ruin?	The "killer weed" also known as the "drop out drug."
What are the 7 ingredient to a drug scare?	1. A kernel of truth 2. Media magnification 3. Politico moral entrepreneurs 4. Professional Interest Group 5. Historical context of conflict 6. Linking a form of drug use to a "dangerous class" 7. Scapegoating a drug for a wife array of public problems
What were the three claims listed to Americas vulnerability to drug scares?	1. The evils of drugs are especially viable in American culture because they provide a welcome vocabulary of attribution; 2. because our society developed a temperance culture 3. Due to the temperance culture capitalism has built a post modern, mass consumption culture that exacerbates the problem of self control.
Chapter 16: What is the distribution of deviance associated with?	The system of stratification.
What does deviance creation involve?	Political competition in which moral entrepreneurs originate moral crusades aimed at generating reform.
Why is smoking considered deviant?	Because its seen as socially reprehensible, is bad for your health, and others (second hand smoke).
What was the purpose of the tax passed in California (Proposition 99)?	To fund smoking prevention and treatment programs.
What was the primary concern of moral entrepreneurs regarding smoking?	Health.
T or F: Smokers were seen as engaging in unclean and objectionable behavior stigmatized qualities defining their social status?	True.
Was smoking being considered a"patriotic calling" or constitutional right and argument?	Yes.
Essay Question	Would cigarette smoking be defined as deviant if there were a positive correlation between smoking and socio economic status?
Chapter 17: What are some reasons that a moral panic would fail to launch?	1. Lack of technological understanding 2. Comprehensive official control of an issue. Due to: 1. Lack of media access 2. The invisibility of the problem. 3. Preemption by other causes and interest groups.
What are some of the criteria to the creation of a moral panic?	Look at notes on page 187.
Chapter 18: What are some things the feminist scholars suggested?	-Black women are more immune from negative experiences with the juvenile system. - Girls are more likely than boys to experience juvenile justice interventions. - African American women and girls receive more punitive treatment than their white counterparts. (189)
What were aspects of the experiment/research done in this chapter?	- Interviewed 75 black youth in St. Louis - Ages were between 12-19 - "At risk" youths were recruited in the projects -The focus was on urban black adolescents because they were the group that involuntary police contacts were most frequent and salient.
Were youth responses consistent across genders?	Yes.
What did youths describe as the primary police strategy in their neighborhoods?	Pedestrian and vehicle stops.
What were terms that the police were described as?	-Physically intrusive - They limited their use of public space -Prejudicial -Used antagonistic language
Results of the study.	Pg 198 refer to notes
Chapter 19: Do all individuals engage in behavior consistent with gender expectations?	No.
Why does women's violation of traditional gender role norms represent a particularly serious threat to patriarchal and heterosexist society?	Because this deviant behavior resists women's subordinate status.
What is homophobia?	A fear of or negative reaction to homosexuality.
Why are sports a susceptible arena for lesbian labeling?	Because of the historical linkage of masculinity with athleticism.
What were two themes related to the lesbian stereotype in women sports?	1. Silence surrounding the issue 2. Athletes internalization of social stereotypes concerning lesbians and women atheletes
How is silence in sports manifested?	- Athletes difficulty in discussing lesbian topic - Viewing lesbian as a personal and irrelevant issue -Disguising athletic identity to avoid lesbian label -Team and administrative difficulty in addressing the lesbian issue
What were 3 indicators/form of silence?	1. The difficulty and uneasiness many athletes experienced in discussing the lesbian stereotype. 2. The stereotype was reflected in athletes general comments about lesbianism. 3. The stereotype was a tendency for athletes to hide their athletic identities.
T or F: The silence surrounding lesbians create female bonding and camaraderie?	False.
What were the three categories of responses regarding athletes internalization?	1. Acceptance of lesbian stereotypes 2. Acceptance of women sports team stereotypes 3. Acceptance of negative images of lesbianism. (pg 206)
What were some examples of dis-empowerment?	- Women athletes being seen as less than "real women" -Discrediting women with the label of lesbian to control the number of females in sport -The athletes that are lesbians that go through homophobia
Chapter 20: T or F:Over the past five years the number of prison inmates have decreased drastically?	False.
Is recidivism a problem when it comes to inmates being released?	Yes, many of them end up going back (40% arrested for new crimes)
What race has the expansion of the prison population been particularly consequential for?	A. Blacks B. Whites C. Hispanics Answer:A
Fact	African Americans tend to suffer from lower rates of employment relative to whites.
Fact	Employers that are already reluctant to hire blacks are even more reluctant to when their is criminal history involved.
Fact	Blacks are less than half as likely to receive consideration by employers, relative to white counterparts and black nonoffenders.
Chapter 21: Saints and Roughnecks	This was week 3's answer, refer to notes.
Chapter 22: Key notes	This chapter is mostly about doctors and their high social status, and due to that their expected to live above the deviance.
What were elements listed that assist with the doctors saint image?	- They possess the financial and political wherewithal to influence the manner in which criminal statuses are written and enforced. -The altruistic and trustworthy image is commented in the physicians code of ethics. -They have been relatively immune from legal scrutiny because of the medical professional historical preference for self regulation.
What were some selected medical offenses that were listed?	-"kickbacks" -prescription violations -unnecessary treatments -sexual misconduct medicaid fraud and abuse

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