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Criado por woods madeleine
quase 11 anos atrás
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Questão | Responda |
activation energy | energy needed to change potential energy into kinetic |
amino acid | nitrogenous building blocks of protein molecules |
what kind of compound is a carbohydrate? | organic |
what 3 elements do carbohydrates contain? | oxygen, hydrogen and carbon |
starch is.....? | carbohydrate |
what is the monomer of carbohydrates? | glucose |
chemical energy | form of potential energy stored in chemical bonds |
dehydration synthesis | formation of complex organic compounds in which water is given off |
dissacharide | sugar made of 2 simple sugar molecules |
enzyme- lipid, protein, carb? | protein |
lipids made of what? | 3 fatty acids + 1 glycerol |
enzyme=catasyt=? | speeds up processes |
enzyme characteristics | 1)speeds up reactions 2)1 specific reaction 3)never used up in reaction 4)protein, amino acids 5)lowers activation energy required for chmical reaction |
enzyme suffix | ase |
potenial energy | stored |
kinetic energy | motion |
conservation energy | in chemical reactions, neither created nor destroyed (transformed) |
enzyme changes and conforms to the...? | substance |
condensation reaction | small molecules join to create large molecules |
nucleic acids found where? | in the nucleus |
ionic bond | attraction of ions balanced in order to be neutral |
covalent bond | combine by sharing electrons |
DNA? | genetic code |
RNA? | copies DNA instructions to produce protiens |
Nucleic Acid role | organism's code |
atoms | building blocks of nature |
element | made of one type of atom |
atomic number | number of protons |
compound | combo of 2+ atoms of different elements joined by chemical bond |
molecule | 2 atoms joined by covalent bond |
physical properties | characteristics of matter |
chemical properties | how matter behaves with other elements/compounds |
chemical change | new substance with new properties formed |
law of conservation of mass | mass is neither created nor destroyed (chemical equations must be balanced= numbers of atoms on both sides af the arrows must be equal |
solutions | mixture that are the same throughout but have variable composition |
bases | pH above 7 |
acids | pH below 7 |
organic chemestry | contains carbon |
inorganic chemestry | no carbon, except CO2, not produced by living things |
structural formula | states kinds, # of atoms, arrangement |
isomers | same chemical formula but different structural formula + properties |
carbohydrates elements | carbon, hydrogen, oxygen (2 H:1 O) |
carbohydrate role | quick energy cell structers |
Monosaccharide | - 1 sugar - glucose, fructose - Benedicts=orange/red |
Disaccharide | - 2 sugars - sucrose, lactose, maltose - Benedicts= no change, light blue |
Polysaccharide | - many sugars - starch, glycogen, cellulose - Iodine test= inky blue |
Lipid Elements | carbon, hydrogen, oxygen (more H than O) |
Lipid Types | fats= animal (solid) oils= plant (liquid) waxes= plant/animal |
Lipid Role | stored energy, cell membrane |
Lipid Groups | carboxyl(-COOH) R(long chains of C-H) |
Fatty Acid Types | Unsaturated Saturated |
Saturated | single covalent bonds- bad |
Unsaturated | double covalent bonds- healthy |
Protein Elements | carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur |
Protein Roles (4) | 1)build living material (muscle) 2)enzymes 4 chemical reactions 3)fight diseases 4)transport particle in/out of cells |
Protein Structure | Amino Acids (3 groups) Shape |
Protein Groups | carboxyl, amino acid, r |
denatured | protein changed shape andbecomes inactive (pH, temp.) (enzynme) |
polypeptide | large molecule made of amino acids linked by peptide bonds |
peptide bond | carbon-nitrogen bond linking amino acids to form polypeptides |
substrate | substances enzymes cause to react |
active site | enzyme's surface does not exactly fit substrate shape so enzyme is like flexible key (slight change to fit substrate) |
hydrolysis | large molecules converted to smaller ones by reverse condensation, addition of water |
peptide | amino acids bonded together |
dipeptide | 2 amino acids link |
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