Flashcards
OTSBACT
Flashcards do conjunto (12)
- 1STAPHYLOCOCCUS Key Features•Large, aerobic gram-positive cocci
•Commensals of skin and exposed mucosa of animals and humans
•Robust, survive well in envmt
•Numerous spp, most non-pathogenic; some host specificity
•Opportunist pathogens causing pyogenic infections - 2Staphylococcus aureus (1-OPP-Z)•Pyogenic opportunist infections:
•Pus and local necrosis
•Skin and wound infections****
•Localized infections**, tendency to bacteremia (abscesses)
•Urinary tract infections in dogs, cats
•Mastitis – bovine***
•Contagious and often “hospital infections” - 3Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (1-OPP-Z)•“the S. aureus of the dog” - opportunist pathogen of dogs
•Recent emergence of MRSP in dogs – resistant to practically everything! - 4Staphylococcus hyicus•Greasy-pig disease: exudative epidermitis of newborn pigs
- 5Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus (MRSA)Resistant to all beta-lactam antibiotics and most other antibacterial drugs
Slightly more virulent than non-MRSA
1-2% people colonized MRSA
Emerging now in animals
Hospitals have the most incidence, then the community, then companion animals, then production animals - 6STREPTOCOCCUS•Chains in clinical samples
•Commensals of mucous membranes of humans and animals (not usually skin)
•Do NOT survive well in environment
•Relatively fastidious
•Pyogenic infections
•Host specificity**** - 7Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus•Opportunist pathogen of horses & other spp cause purulent infections in horses
•Upper resp tract infections, “mild strangles”, pneumonia, abscesses, wounds, urogenital tract, mastitis etc
Foal septicaemia & sequelae, no colostrum
Role as primary pathogen underestimated - 8Streptococcus equi subspecies equi•Strangles in horses: highly contagious, pharyngitis & assoc lymphadenitis
•Transmitted by discharge of dz & infected guttural pouch carriers
•Tx/prevention: iso'n, quar'n, cleaning, disinf'n, early treatment w penicillin
Vaccines avail, none perfect. Long-lasting not always complete immunity after inf'n - 9Streptococcus canis (2-OPP)•Opportunistic purulent infections of dogs & cats
•Beta-hemolytic, group G
•Minor pathogen: urogenital infections, mastitis, wound infections, otitis externa
•Toxic shock syndrome & necrotizing fasciitis - 10Streptococcus agalactiae (2-PR)•Group B, CAMP-positive
•Practically disappeared
•Agent of neonatal septicaemia in humans (not from cows) - 11ENTEROCOCCI 2-OPPNormal intestinal flora
Most important are E. faecalis & E. faecium
True opportunists; Diverse inf's: mastitis, wound infections, UTI, 2º inf'n, nosocomial
Naturally resistant to many antimicro agents, esp. E. faecium; Freq' acq'd resist
Problem in human & some vet hospitals
“VRE”: superbugs; part of ESKAPE group - 12NosocomialRefers to an disease acquired in hospital