Overview of the Literary Prophets: Five Main Themes

Questão	Responda
Literary prophets	a human being who serves as an intermediary between god and society. Literary prophets fit awkwardly into society because no one wants to listen to them, because they are always talking about doom and gloom of society. Also, they can speak down to the king.
Pre-exilic period	- the period before 587 BCE when the Babylonian exile began
587 BCE	the temple in Jerusalem is destroyed, marking the start of the Babylonian exile
“And seek the welfare of the city to which I have exiled you and pray to the LORD in its behalf; for in its prosperity you shall prosper.”	From Jeremiah 29:7. Jeremiah encourages exiles to submit to Babylon because by resisting, you are fighting God.
Seventy years	Jeremiah 29: Jeremiah claims there are 70 years of exile in Babylonia- but historically the exile lasts much longer
Jeremiah	major literary prophet who mostly discusses the Babylonian exile
Nebuchadnezzar / Nebuchadrezzar	two names for same person (major historical figure) King of Babylon who starts the Babylonian Exile, portrayed negatively because he destroys Jerusalem and the temple
New Covenant	Found in Jeremiah 31. Refers to a time when Israel will be loyal to God and God will be loyal to Israel. Christians rely on this passage heavily.
First Isaiah (or Isaiah of Jerusalem)	Author of the first 39 chapters of Isaiah who wrote in the second half of the 8th century BCE
“Holy, holy, holy is the Lord of Hosts”	From Isaiah’s prophetic vision in Chapter 6. Seraphim hovered above the Lord and called out “Holy, holy, holy…” This phrase became a way to praise God.
“Shoot from the stump of Jesse”	- From Isaiah 11, the continuation of Davidic dynasty with a new king. David’s father is Jesse, so the shoot is Jesse’s offspring (David). Prophecy of someone coming and restoring the Davidic dynasty in the future
Immanuel	From Isaiah 7: “Look, the young woman is with child and about to give birth to a son. Let her name him Immanuel.” Christians interpret this passage as predicting the coming of Jesus.
721 BCE	- Date of Assyrian takeover of the Northern Kingdom
Samaria	Nation that Amos viscously critiques in Amos 4. Amos describes the nation’s sinfulness and sarcastically pleas for them to sin more.
12 Minor Prophets	- Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi; Have shorter writings and all fit on one scroll
Amos	- During period of Assyrian domination and a time of prosperity, social critic Amos emerges to criticize society
Hosea	- literary prophet who mentions marriage metaphor
end of days	Prophets routinely speak of some indefinite future where the world will end and judgment is made. Frequent in Daniel.
Day of the Lord	Found in Isaiah 13 but is a common term in prophetic literature. Day of tribulation and judgment at the end-time. The wicked will be wiped out but a righteous remnant will remain.
Marriage metaphor	Hosea says people of Israel must be loyal to God as a wife is loyal to a husband. This contributes to the MBS idea that there is strong connection between YHWH alone idea and the literary prophets
Valley of dry bones	- refers to Ezekiel 37 where Ezekiel is brought to this valley of dry bones and on God’s command, prophesies to them and causes the bones to live again. Metaphor for Israel rising up again and coming back from the exile (Ezekiel was written during the time of the exile); later Christian interpreters viewed this episode as a prophecy of resurrection
“The parents have eaten sour grapes and the children’s teeth are blunted/set on edge.”	Quoted in both Ezekiel and Jeremiah. Idea that God can punish children (future generations) for the sins of their parents (previous generations). Ezekiel and Jeremiah disagree with this view. Theme of reward and punishment.
Suffering servant	Series of passages found in Isaiah (esp. Isaiah 53) where the author depicts someone suffering for the sins of others. There is endless debate about who this figure is: the people of Israel, Isaiah, Jesus.
Second Isaiah (II Isaiah)	author of chapters 40-66 or 40-53. Marks the emergence of monotheism in the Bible. Writes during the exilic period.
Third Isaiah (III Isaiah)	Probably begins writing in the 54th chapter, but this is debated. Writes similar to Deutero-Isaiah and could be a disciple of his.
YHWH-alone theology	represents the beginning of monaltry starting the 8th century BCE. The prophets played a major role in this theology, and it eventually was accepted: you cannot worship other gods except the one true God.
Cyrus the Great	The King of Persia who conquered Babylon. God calls him “my shepherd” in Isaiah, because Isaiah depicts Cyrus as an agent of God’s will.
cult	means “that which we do to keep the gods happy.” In the case of Israel, it often means worshipping the Lord in the temple through sacrifice.
“staff of my anger”	Refers to Assyria and relates to the idea that God uses other nations to punish/benefact Israel.
“anointed one” -	Refers to Cyrus in the book of Isaiah.

Próximo

Overview of the Literary Prophets: Five Main Themes

Descrição

Resumo de Recurso

Semelhante

	Criado por jamesonmcshea quase 11 anos atrás